同时暴露于社会经济不利条件与巴西青少年心血管健康之间的关系

IF 5.9 Q1 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS

American journal of preventive cardiology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI:10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101285

Priscila Bárbara Zanini Rosa , Felipe Vogt Cureau , Beatriz D. Schaan , Juliana Sena de Souza , Michele Drehmer

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引用次数: 0

摘要

社会经济不平等影响成人心血管结局，但其对青少年的累积效应尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估巴西青少年同时暴露于不同社会经济劣势与心血管健康（CVH）之间的关系。方法样本包括34,831名12至17岁的青少年，他们是巴西青少年心血管风险研究（ERICA）的参与者，这是一项全国性、学校为基础、横断面、多中心的研究。CVH使用生活基本8 （LE8）评分进行评估，该评分范围从0到100分，由8个指标组成，分为两个领域：健康行为（饮食、身体活动、尼古丁暴露和睡眠时间）和健康因素（体重指数、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖和血压）。同时暴露于社会经济劣势的评估使用五个变量：父母教育、家庭结构、拥有物品、学校类型和肤色。总暴露次数从0到5不等。使用调整了性别和年龄的线性回归模型来评估同时暴露于社会经济劣势与CVH之间的关系。结果同时暴露于至少两种社会经济劣势的比例为80.7%，而平均LE8得分为75.9 （95% CI为75.5-76.4）。同时暴露于所调查的社会经济劣势的次数越多，巴西青少年的CVH就越差。那些同时暴露在所有不利条件下的人的LE8指数降低了4.5分。体育活动和吸烟是受社会经济劣势影响最大的LE8因素。属于一个支离破碎的家庭结构似乎对CVH的影响最大。结论同时暴露于多种社会经济劣势与巴西青少年较差的CVH有关。

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Association between simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages and cardiovascular health of Brazilian adolescents

Introduction

Socioeconomic inequities affect cardiovascular outcomes in adults, but their cumulative effect in adolescents remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between simultaneous exposure to different socioeconomic disadvantages and cardiovascular health (CVH) in Brazilian adolescents.

Methods

The sample consisted of 34,831 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, participants of the Brazilian Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents Study (ERICA), a national, school-based, cross-sectional, multicenter study. CVH was assessed using the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) score, which ranges from 0 to 100 points and is composed of eight metrics grouped into two domains: health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep duration) and health factors (body mass index, non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure). Simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages was assessed using five variables: parental education, family structure, possession of goods, type of school, and skin color. The total number of exposures ranged from 0 to 5. Linear regression models adjusted for sex and age were used to evaluate the association between simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages and CVH.

Results

The simultaneous exposure to at least two socioeconomic disadvantages was 80.7 %, while the average LE8 score was 75.9 (95 % CI 75.5–76.4). The higher the number of simultaneous exposures to the investigated socioeconomic disadvantages, the worse the CVH of Brazilian adolescents. Those exposed to all the investigated disadvantages simultaneously had a reduction of 4.5 points in the LE8. Physical activity and smoking were the LE8 components most impacted by socioeconomic disadvantages. Belonging to a fragmented family structure appeared to have the greatest impact on CVH.