An optimal procedure for protection coordination of directional overcurrent relay: A novel methodology

This paper presents an innovative approach for protection coordination of directional over-current relays (DOCRs) in real distribution micro-grid via clustering and multi-objective optimization algorithm. A new clustering algorithm based on the network variation and two novel objective functions focused on main parameters of the power grids are employed to implement this study on the DOCRs. Moreover, this paper provides a new hybrid algorithm that integrates the goal attainment algorithm into the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III with the assistance of linear programming (LP). It is significant to highlight that there is no evidence of study on the protection coordination problem of DOCR (PCPD) with these novel objective functions, innovative clustering technique, and unique hybrid algorithm. It is crucial to point out that the PCPD has been effectively handled for two case studies, the NOAVARAN feeder and the IEEE 14 bus system, without any miss-coordination. Furthermore, the employment of the proposed hybrid algorithm achieves a substantial reduction of approximately 50–60 % in the operation time of all relays for this case study when compared to the other recommended mixed algorithms without utilizing linear programming.