黄土高原秸秆覆盖免耕春小麦内生真菌介导的抗旱性

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106857

Changliang Du , Lingling Li , Junhong Xie , Khuram Shehzad Khan , Linlin Wang , Zhuzhu Luo , Lingzhi Li , Zechariah Effah , Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz

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引用次数: 0

摘要

在中国半干旱的黄土高原进行了一项野外研究，通过研究植物生长、真菌群落和土壤特性，探讨不同耕作方式如何提高小麦的耐旱性。在小麦栽培中，采用4种耕作方式：(1)T（常规免秸秆耕作）、(2)NT（免秸秆覆盖免耕）、(3)TS（常规加秸秆耕作）和(4)NTS（免秸秆覆盖免耕），收集了2020年和2021年的数据。结果表明，NTS处理在2020年和2021年显著改善了土壤理化性质，土壤含水量比0-50 cm土壤深度的T处理提高了13.7-62.1 %。NTS处理土壤容重和pH最低，全氮、硝态氮和速效磷最高。与T处理相比，NTS处理显著提高了内生真菌Sobs指数和Alternaria、Peyronellaea、Sarocladium和Schizothecium属。NTS和TS处理在2020年和2021年的产量和水分利用效率分别较T处理显著提高了23.64和24.28 %和16.06-19.97 %，其中CAT、POD和可溶性蛋白抗氧化酶比T处理提高了1.26 ~ 25.52 %。小麦根系内生真菌丰度（Sobs和Chao指数）、多样性和组成（Alternaria、Peyronellaea、Sarocladium和Schizothecium）与抗旱指数呈显著正相关，土壤含水量、全氮和NO3—N是主要影响因素。综上所述，NTS处理通过改善土壤理化性质和利用微生物群潜力，最终提高水分利用效率和作物产量，表现出小麦作物最高的耐旱性。我们的研究结果表明，NTS处理在半干旱的黄土高原地区是一种很有前途的做法，并可能进一步指导未来利用微生物群落的新兴功能来提高旱地小麦的耐旱性。

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Endophytic fungi-mediated drought tolerance in spring wheat under no-tillage with straw cover on the Loess Plateau, China

A field study was performed in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China, to explore how different tillage methods improve drought tolerance in wheat by examining plant growth, fungal communities, and soil properties. Four tillage methods were applied for wheat cultivation: (1) T (conventional tillage with no straw), (2) NT (no-tillage with no straw cover), (3) TS (conventional tillage with straw incorporated), and (4) NTS (no-till with straw cover) and data were collected in 2020 and 2021. The results showed that NTS treatment remarkably improved soil physicochemical properties during 2020 and 2021, increasing soil water content by 13.7–62.1 % compared to T at 0–50 cm soil depth. The NTS treatment had the lowest soil bulk density and pH and the highest total N, NO₃^--N, and available P. Compared to T, NTS treatment significantly increased endophytic fungal Sobs index and genera like Alternaria, Peyronellaea, Sarocladium, and Schizothecium. The NTS and TS treatments significantly increased antioxidant enzymes, including CAT, POD, and soluble protein by 1.26–25.52 % compared to T. NTS treatment significantly increased yield by 23.64 and 24.28 % and water use efficiency by 16.06–19.97 % compared to T in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The endophytic fungal abundance (Sobs and Chao indices), diversity, and composition (Alternaria, Peyronellaea, Sarocladium, and Schizothecium) in wheat roots were positively correlated with the drought tolerance index, with soil water content, total N, and NO₃^--N, being considered as key influencing factors. Collectively, NTS treatment showed the highest drought tolerance in wheat crop by improving soil physicochemical properties and utilizing the microbiome potential, ultimately enhanced water use efficiency and crop yields. Our study findings suggest that the NTS treatment is a promising practice for the semi-arid Loess Plateau area and may further guide future research on harnessing the emergent functions of microbial communities to enhance drought tolerance in wheat cultivated in drylands.

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.