Next generation nanobioformulation: A fascinating field for smart and sustainable agriculture

Agricultural sustainability is increasingly threatened by human activities, highlighting the urgent need for eco-friendly alternatives to current practices. While nanotechnology has introduced innovative solutions, the widespread use of chemically synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) raises long-term environmental concerns. The review highlights the coupling of biologically synthesized NPs with biological moieties, such as plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs), and embellishing them with carriers for designing next-generation nanobioformulations (NBFs). To the best of our knowledge, no inclusive review has compiled insights on the technological advancements for plant stimulation, stress mitigation, and pathogen suppression with respect to NBFs. This article fills these gaps and offer a novel and comprehensive insights into the subject of next-generation NBFs by combining the advantages of nanotechnology + bioformulation research. Additionally, integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) for predictive analysis and real-time monitoring in NBFs research can significantly improve agronomic precision, leading to intelligent and eco-conscious farming approaches. Information generated from AI-powered sensors, drones, big data analytics, and machine learning (ML) algorithms can help researchers working in the area of NBFs to customize the products according to the requirements and mitigate existing constraints in agricultural systems. The advance solutions provided by commercially available nanobioproducts can enhance efficiency, ensure environmental safety, and enable targeted agricultural applications.