评估印度农村生计对气候变化的脆弱性

Kyawt Yin Min Thein , Vivek Kumar , Vijayaraghavan M Chariar , Takuji W. Tsusaka
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摘要

该研究旨在利用综合指数(CI)评估农户的社会经济和环境脆弱性,确定农业、水和森林等各个部门的农民因气候变化而面临的主要挑战,并评估山地农业社区在建立抵御力方面的适应障碍。对Pali、Wali和Ason三个村的367户家庭进行了结构化调查,收集了有关社会人口特征、生计战略、健康、粮食安全、水资源、自然灾害暴露和适应性行动制约因素的数据。选取关键脆弱性指标,采用基于指数的方法对脆弱性的三个核心组成部分:暴露度、易感性和适应能力进行综合得分。这些综合得分随后被分类,以确定每个家庭的脆弱性水平。巴利村被认为是研究村中最脆弱的,因为其被列为高度脆弱的家庭比例最高(5.5%),尽管各地点的平均脆弱性得分相似。GRT分析强调,获得适当气候智能型做法信息的渠道有限是抽样家庭面临的主要障碍。该研究强调了适应能力和暴露程度在减轻气候变化对生计的影响方面的重要性。战略包括促进气候智能型农业做法、改善配水系统、提高乳制品生产、支持可持续的非用材林利用、整合稻鱼养殖、发展手工技能和发展涉农工业。政府援助对于可持续的社区适应也至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessing livelihood vulnerability to climate change in rural India
The study aims to assess the socio-economic and environmental vulnerability of farming households using the Composite Index (CI), to identify key challenges faced by farmers across various sectors such as agriculture, water, and forests due to climate change, and to evluate barriers to adaptation for building resilience in hill farming communities. A structured survey was conducted with 367 households across thee villages Pali, Wali, and Ason, collecting data on socio-demegraphic characteristics, livelihood strategies, health, food security, water resources, exposure to natural hazards, and constraints to adaptive actions. Key vulnerability indicators were selected, and an index-based method was applied to generate composite scores for the three core components of vulnerability: exposure, susceptibility, and adaptive capacity. These composite scores were subsequently categorized to determine the vulnerability level of each household. Pali is considered the most vulnerable among the study villages due to its highest proportion of households (5.5%) classified as highly vulnerable, despite similar average vulnerability scores across sites. The GRT analysis highlighted that limited access to information on appropriate climate-smart practices was the primary barrier among the sampled households. The study highlights the importance of adaptive capacity and exposure in mitigating climate change's impact on livelihoods. Strategies include promoting climate-smart agricultural practices, improving water distribution systems, enhancing dairy production, supporting sustainable non-timber forest use, integrating rice-fish farming, developing artisanal skills, and growing agro-industries. Government assistance is also crucial for sustainable community adaptation.
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