尼罗河三角洲Ras El-Bar的多年代际海岸线动态：揭示人类干预和海岸恢复力

IF 3.3 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI:10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02937

Hesham M. El-Asmar , Mahmoud Sh. Felfla , May R. ElKotby , Sameh B. El-Kafrawy , Doaa M. Naguib

{"title":"尼罗河三角洲Ras El-Bar的多年代际海岸线动态：揭示人类干预和海岸恢复力","authors":"Hesham M. El-Asmar , Mahmoud Sh. Felfla , May R. ElKotby , Sameh B. El-Kafrawy , Doaa M. Naguib","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02937","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provided an updated assessment of temporal changes in shoreline of Ras El-Bar on the Nile Delta coast using multi-decadal data (1984–2024) of field observations, surveys, and measurements, supported by advanced remote sensing techniques. This temporally extended dataset allowed for a reliable assessment of human interventions on shoreline changes. Based on high-resolution imagery, from Landsat 1 (MSS), Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 8 (OLI), and Landsat 9 (OLI-2), two methods were used for shoreline measurements between 1984 and 2024: the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The results suggest good consistency, with high confidence, between the two methods, with an average r value of 0.86, R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.92, and RMSE value of 23.11 m. The findings highlight the impact of Damietta Harbour (DH) on coastal morphodynamics, with continuous erosion observed over the Eastern Jetty (EJ) of the DH (sectors 1 to 4) from 1984 to 2020. From 2020 to 2024, the extension of DH’s jetties created a shadow zone with appreciable accretion east of EJ at sector 1. Moreover, the construction of the Aswan High Dam (AHD) induced sediment entrapment that nourished the coast. Several protection structures have been implemented to mitigate inundation and damage to infrastructure and to secure coastal stability along the Ras El-Bar resort. These structures include three groins, a revetment, eight detached breakwaters (DBWs), and four Y-shaped groins. Among these, the detached breakwaters have proven to be the most effective structures for ensuring coastal stability and maintaining a beach suitable for resort activities. These findings inform adaptive coastal management strategies to optimize tourism, protect critical infrastructure, and sustain natural coastal processes, providing policymakers with actionable insights to enhance the resilience of Ras El-Bar against erosion, sea-level rise, and climate change, while supporting sustainable development in this socioeconomically vital region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article e02937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Multi-Decadal shoreline dynamics of Ras El-Bar, Nile Delta: Unraveling human interventions and coastal resilience\",\"authors\":\"Hesham M. El-Asmar , Mahmoud Sh. Felfla , May R. ElKotby , Sameh B. El-Kafrawy , Doaa M. Naguib\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02937\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>This study provided an updated assessment of temporal changes in shoreline of Ras El-Bar on the Nile Delta coast using multi-decadal data (1984–2024) of field observations, surveys, and measurements, supported by advanced remote sensing techniques. This temporally extended dataset allowed for a reliable assessment of human interventions on shoreline changes. Based on high-resolution imagery, from Landsat 1 (MSS), Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 8 (OLI), and Landsat 9 (OLI-2), two methods were used for shoreline measurements between 1984 and 2024: the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The results suggest good consistency, with high confidence, between the two methods, with an average r value of 0.86, R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.92, and RMSE value of 23.11 m. The findings highlight the impact of Damietta Harbour (DH) on coastal morphodynamics, with continuous erosion observed over the Eastern Jetty (EJ) of the DH (sectors 1 to 4) from 1984 to 2020. From 2020 to 2024, the extension of DH’s jetties created a shadow zone with appreciable accretion east of EJ at sector 1. Moreover, the construction of the Aswan High Dam (AHD) induced sediment entrapment that nourished the coast. Several protection structures have been implemented to mitigate inundation and damage to infrastructure and to secure coastal stability along the Ras El-Bar resort. These structures include three groins, a revetment, eight detached breakwaters (DBWs), and four Y-shaped groins. Among these, the detached breakwaters have proven to be the most effective structures for ensuring coastal stability and maintaining a beach suitable for resort activities. These findings inform adaptive coastal management strategies to optimize tourism, protect critical infrastructure, and sustain natural coastal processes, providing policymakers with actionable insights to enhance the resilience of Ras El-Bar against erosion, sea-level rise, and climate change, while supporting sustainable development in this socioeconomically vital region.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21690,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Scientific African\",\"volume\":\"30 \",\"pages\":\"Article e02937\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Scientific African\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227625004077\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scientific African","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227625004077","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究利用野外观测、调查和测量的多年代际数据（1984-2024年），在先进遥感技术的支持下，对尼罗河三角洲Ras El-Bar海岸线的时间变化进行了最新评估。这一暂时扩展的数据集可以可靠地评估人类干预对海岸线变化的影响。基于Landsat 1 （MSS）、Landsat 5 （TM）、Landsat 8 （OLI）和Landsat 9 （OLI-2）的高分辨率影像，采用修正归一化差水指数（MNDWI）和基于归一化差水指数（NDWI）的数字海岸线分析系统（DSAS）对1984 - 2024年的海岸线进行了测量。结果表明，两种方法一致性好，置信度高，平均r值为0.86，R2值为0.92，RMSE值为23.11 m。研究结果强调了达米埃塔港（DH）对海岸形态动力学的影响，从1984年到2020年，在达米埃塔港的东防波堤（1至4段）上观察到持续的侵蚀。从2020年到2024年，DH码头的延伸在EJ以东的第1扇区形成了一个明显增加的阴影区。此外，阿斯旺高坝（AHD）的建设导致泥沙淤积，滋养了海岸。已经实施了几个保护结构，以减轻洪水和对基础设施的破坏，并确保Ras El-Bar度假胜地沿岸的稳定。这些结构包括三个腹股沟，一个护岸，八个分离的防波堤（dbw）和四个y形腹股沟。其中，分离式防波堤已被证明是确保海岸稳定和维护适合度假活动的海滩的最有效结构。这些发现为适应性沿海管理战略提供了信息，以优化旅游业、保护关键基础设施和维持沿海自然过程，为政策制定者提供了可行的见解，以增强拉斯El-Bar对侵蚀、海平面上升和气候变化的抵御能力，同时支持这一社会经济重要地区的可持续发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

Multi-Decadal shoreline dynamics of Ras El-Bar, Nile Delta: Unraveling human interventions and coastal resilience

This study provided an updated assessment of temporal changes in shoreline of Ras El-Bar on the Nile Delta coast using multi-decadal data (1984–2024) of field observations, surveys, and measurements, supported by advanced remote sensing techniques. This temporally extended dataset allowed for a reliable assessment of human interventions on shoreline changes. Based on high-resolution imagery, from Landsat 1 (MSS), Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 8 (OLI), and Landsat 9 (OLI-2), two methods were used for shoreline measurements between 1984 and 2024: the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI)-based Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS). The results suggest good consistency, with high confidence, between the two methods, with an average r value of 0.86, R² value of 0.92, and RMSE value of 23.11 m. The findings highlight the impact of Damietta Harbour (DH) on coastal morphodynamics, with continuous erosion observed over the Eastern Jetty (EJ) of the DH (sectors 1 to 4) from 1984 to 2020. From 2020 to 2024, the extension of DH’s jetties created a shadow zone with appreciable accretion east of EJ at sector 1. Moreover, the construction of the Aswan High Dam (AHD) induced sediment entrapment that nourished the coast. Several protection structures have been implemented to mitigate inundation and damage to infrastructure and to secure coastal stability along the Ras El-Bar resort. These structures include three groins, a revetment, eight detached breakwaters (DBWs), and four Y-shaped groins. Among these, the detached breakwaters have proven to be the most effective structures for ensuring coastal stability and maintaining a beach suitable for resort activities. These findings inform adaptive coastal management strategies to optimize tourism, protect critical infrastructure, and sustain natural coastal processes, providing policymakers with actionable insights to enhance the resilience of Ras El-Bar against erosion, sea-level rise, and climate change, while supporting sustainable development in this socioeconomically vital region.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊