Nandini Rai , Akshaya Panigrahi , J.M. Julka , Fan-Hua Nan , Sofia Priyadarsani Das
{"title":"可持续水产养殖的生物絮团技术:微生物调控、营养动态和综合系统方法","authors":"Nandini Rai , Akshaya Panigrahi , J.M. Julka , Fan-Hua Nan , Sofia Priyadarsani Das","doi":"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108730","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biofloc Technology (BFT) stands out as a groundbreaking and sustainable method in aquaculture, adept at improving water quality, drastically reducing environmental discharge, and boosting the yield of fish and shellfish. This review offers an extensive look at BFT, dissecting its core principles and spotlighting key design considerations: constant aeration, strategic water retention, tank design, and systems that require little to no water exchange. It also delves into the critical operational factors that drive microbial floc formation and nutrient assimilation, such as the ideal carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio (typically between 10:1 and 20:1), optimal stocking densities, dissolved oxygen levels, pH control (6.5–8.5), and alkalinity maintenance (above 100 mg/L). The discussion extends to the varied organic carbon sources utilized (like jaggery, molasses, and rice bran) and the vital role probiotics play in nurturing beneficial microbial communities for healthier, faster-growing aquatic species. The document meticulously examines how the system's setup (indoor or outdoor), the chosen species, growth outcomes, and health indicators (including body composition and tissue analysis) are influenced. Furthermore, it underscores BFT's capacity for circular and resilient aquaculture, showcasing its integration with efficient systems like aquaponics, hydroponics, periphyton substrates, and biochar. Current hurdles, such as system instability, foaming, and intricate operations, are acknowledged, alongside a forward-looking perspective on scaling and optimizing the technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17528,"journal":{"name":"Journal of water process engineering","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 108730"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biofloc technology for sustainable aquaculture: Microbial regulation, nutrient dynamics, and integrated system approaches\",\"authors\":\"Nandini Rai , Akshaya Panigrahi , J.M. Julka , Fan-Hua Nan , Sofia Priyadarsani Das\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.108730\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Biofloc Technology (BFT) stands out as a groundbreaking and sustainable method in aquaculture, adept at improving water quality, drastically reducing environmental discharge, and boosting the yield of fish and shellfish. This review offers an extensive look at BFT, dissecting its core principles and spotlighting key design considerations: constant aeration, strategic water retention, tank design, and systems that require little to no water exchange. It also delves into the critical operational factors that drive microbial floc formation and nutrient assimilation, such as the ideal carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio (typically between 10:1 and 20:1), optimal stocking densities, dissolved oxygen levels, pH control (6.5–8.5), and alkalinity maintenance (above 100 mg/L). The discussion extends to the varied organic carbon sources utilized (like jaggery, molasses, and rice bran) and the vital role probiotics play in nurturing beneficial microbial communities for healthier, faster-growing aquatic species. The document meticulously examines how the system's setup (indoor or outdoor), the chosen species, growth outcomes, and health indicators (including body composition and tissue analysis) are influenced. Furthermore, it underscores BFT's capacity for circular and resilient aquaculture, showcasing its integration with efficient systems like aquaponics, hydroponics, periphyton substrates, and biochar. Current hurdles, such as system instability, foaming, and intricate operations, are acknowledged, alongside a forward-looking perspective on scaling and optimizing the technology.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17528,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of water process engineering\",\"volume\":\"78 \",\"pages\":\"Article 108730\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-13\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of water process engineering\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214714425018033\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of water process engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214714425018033","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Biofloc technology for sustainable aquaculture: Microbial regulation, nutrient dynamics, and integrated system approaches
Biofloc Technology (BFT) stands out as a groundbreaking and sustainable method in aquaculture, adept at improving water quality, drastically reducing environmental discharge, and boosting the yield of fish and shellfish. This review offers an extensive look at BFT, dissecting its core principles and spotlighting key design considerations: constant aeration, strategic water retention, tank design, and systems that require little to no water exchange. It also delves into the critical operational factors that drive microbial floc formation and nutrient assimilation, such as the ideal carbon-to‑nitrogen ratio (typically between 10:1 and 20:1), optimal stocking densities, dissolved oxygen levels, pH control (6.5–8.5), and alkalinity maintenance (above 100 mg/L). The discussion extends to the varied organic carbon sources utilized (like jaggery, molasses, and rice bran) and the vital role probiotics play in nurturing beneficial microbial communities for healthier, faster-growing aquatic species. The document meticulously examines how the system's setup (indoor or outdoor), the chosen species, growth outcomes, and health indicators (including body composition and tissue analysis) are influenced. Furthermore, it underscores BFT's capacity for circular and resilient aquaculture, showcasing its integration with efficient systems like aquaponics, hydroponics, periphyton substrates, and biochar. Current hurdles, such as system instability, foaming, and intricate operations, are acknowledged, alongside a forward-looking perspective on scaling and optimizing the technology.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Water Process Engineering aims to publish refereed, high-quality research papers with significant novelty and impact in all areas of the engineering of water and wastewater processing . Papers on advanced and novel treatment processes and technologies are particularly welcome. The Journal considers papers in areas such as nanotechnology and biotechnology applications in water, novel oxidation and separation processes, membrane processes (except those for desalination) , catalytic processes for the removal of water contaminants, sustainable processes, water reuse and recycling, water use and wastewater minimization, integrated/hybrid technology, process modeling of water treatment and novel treatment processes. Submissions on the subject of adsorbents, including standard measurements of adsorption kinetics and equilibrium will only be considered if there is a genuine case for novelty and contribution, for example highly novel, sustainable adsorbents and their use: papers on activated carbon-type materials derived from natural matter, or surfactant-modified clays and related minerals, would not fulfil this criterion. The Journal particularly welcomes contributions involving environmentally, economically and socially sustainable technology for water treatment, including those which are energy-efficient, with minimal or no chemical consumption, and capable of water recycling and reuse that minimizes the direct disposal of wastewater to the aquatic environment. Papers that describe novel ideas for solving issues related to water quality and availability are also welcome, as are those that show the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. The Journal will consider papers dealing with processes for various water matrices including drinking water (except desalination), domestic, urban and industrial wastewaters, in addition to their residues. It is expected that the journal will be of particular relevance to chemical and process engineers working in the field. The Journal welcomes Full Text papers, Short Communications, State-of-the-Art Reviews and Letters to Editors and Case Studies