大蒜精油纳米乳对烟粉虱的可持续治理及4种主要园艺作物的植物毒性评价

IF 2.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Crop Protection Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI:10.1016/j.cropro.2025.107385

Gaetano Giuliano , Annamaria Ienco , Alberto Urbaneja , Meritxell Pérez-Hedo , Vittoria Pettinato , Valentina Coco , Giulia Giunti , Vincenzo Palmeri , Orlando Campolo

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引用次数: 0

摘要

烟粉虱是一种世界性害虫，危害许多作物，通过直接取食活动、蜜露沉积以及病毒传播导致重大产量损失。过度使用合成杀虫剂已促使有害生物产生抗药性，因此需要其他控制工具。本研究评价了大蒜精油纳米乳对不同生命阶段烟粉虱的杀虫效果、对成虫繁殖力的影响以及对黄瓜、茄子、番茄和辣椒的植物毒性作用。采用气相色谱-质谱法对环氧乙烷进行了化学表征，并采用高压微流化法制备了环氧乙烷基纳米乳。大蒜EO纳米乳对若虫和成虫非常有效，在最高测试浓度下分别达到80%和90%以上的死亡率。此外，处理过的成虫产卵率明显降低。在最高浓度时，产卵几乎完全被抑制。虽然杀卵活性有限，在最大浓度下观察到的卵死亡率不到50%，但对成虫死亡率和产生的后代的综合影响突出了纳米乳减少目标害虫种群的潜力。LC90浓度对黄瓜和茄子的危害中等，而对番茄和辣椒的危害较小。在此基础上，大蒜EO纳米乳液可能是一种环保的替代传统杀虫剂来控制粉虱。大蒜EO纳米乳剂通过针对多个生命阶段和降低繁殖成功率，具有应用于害虫综合治理策略的潜力，尽管还需要进一步的实地研究来评估EO纳米乳剂。

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Garlic essential oil nanoemulsion for sustainable management of Bemisia tabaci and phytotoxicity evaluation in four key horticultural crops

Bemisia tabaci is a cosmopolitan pest damaging many crops, leading to significant yield losses through direct feeding activity, honeydew deposition, as well as virus transmission. The overuse of synthetic insecticides has prompted resistant pest populations, necessitating alternative control tools. This study evaluates the insecticidal efficacy of a garlic (Allium sativum) essential oil (EO) nanoemulsion against different life stages of B. tabaci, its effect on adult fertility, and its phytotoxic effects on cucumber, eggplant, tomato, and pepper. The EO was chemically characterized by GC-MS and then used to develop an EO-based nanoemulsion by high-pressure microfluidization.

The garlic EO nanoemulsion was highly effective against nymphs and adults, achieving over 80 % and 90 % mortality, respectively, at the highest tested concentrations. Furthermore, treated adults exhibited a marked decrease in oviposition rate. At the highest concentration, oviposition was almost completely inhibited. While ovicidal activity was limited, with less than 50 % egg mortality observed at the maximum concentration, the combined impact on adult mortality and produced offspring highlighted the nanoemulsion's potential to reduce the target pest population. No significant phytotoxicity at LC₅₀ across all tested crops was revealed, while LC₉₀ concentrations caused moderate damage to cucumber and eggplant but were less detrimental to tomato and pepper.

On this basis, garlic EO nanoemulsions may be an eco-friendly alternative to conventional insecticides for whitefly control. By targeting multiple life stages and reducing reproductive success, garlic EO nanoemulsions have potential to be used in integrated pest management strategies, although field studies are needed to further evaluate the EO nanoemulsion.

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来源期刊

Crop Protection 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

3.60%

发文量

200

审稿时长

29 days

期刊介绍： The Editors of Crop Protection especially welcome papers describing an interdisciplinary approach showing how different control strategies can be integrated into practical pest management programs, covering high and low input agricultural systems worldwide. Crop Protection particularly emphasizes the practical aspects of control in the field and for protected crops, and includes work which may lead in the near future to more effective control. The journal does not duplicate the many existing excellent biological science journals, which deal mainly with the more fundamental aspects of plant pathology, applied zoology and weed science. Crop Protection covers all practical aspects of pest, disease and weed control, including the following topics: -Abiotic damage- Agronomic control methods- Assessment of pest and disease damage- Molecular methods for the detection and assessment of pests and diseases- Biological control- Biorational pesticides- Control of animal pests of world crops- Control of diseases of crop plants caused by microorganisms- Control of weeds and integrated management- Economic considerations- Effects of plant growth regulators- Environmental benefits of reduced pesticide use- Environmental effects of pesticides- Epidemiology of pests and diseases in relation to control- GM Crops, and genetic engineering applications- Importance and control of postharvest crop losses- Integrated control- Interrelationships and compatibility among different control strategies- Invasive species as they relate to implications for crop protection- Pesticide application methods- Pest management- Phytobiomes for pest and disease control- Resistance management- Sampling and monitoring schemes for diseases, nematodes, pests and weeds.