Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extract-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Advanced Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review

Wound healing is a complex biological process that can be hindered by factors such as infection, poor circulation, and chronic conditions. Traditional wound treatments often fall short in providing optimal healing environments and infection control. This review explores the innovative use of plant extract-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) in wound care, highlighting their potential to revolutionize wound management. PNPs offer controlled and sustained delivery of therapeutic agents, enhanced antimicrobial properties, and improved wound-healing outcomes. Various types of PNPs, including nanospheres, nanocapsules, dendrimers, micelles, and hydrogels, are discussed for their unique properties and applications. The synthesis, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo evaluations of these nanoparticles are highlighted, emphasizing their efficacy in promoting faster re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagen deposition. Additionally, the therapeutic potential of plant extracts, such as Syzygium cumini, Tamarindus indica, Calendula officinalis, Chamomile oil, and Neem, when encapsulated in nanoparticles, is evaluated for their wound-healing properties. Future research directions include optimizing nanoparticle formulations and conducting clinical trials to validate their safety and effectiveness. This review underscores the promise of plant extract-loaded PNPs in setting new standards in wound care, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with chronic wounds.

Graphical Abstract