保护性免疫的目标和丙型肝炎病毒疫苗开发的机遇

IF 60.9 1区 医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
Seung Bum Park, Paul Zimmer-Harwood, T. Jake Liang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)仍然是一个严重的全球卫生负担,影响着全世界近5000万人。尽管有高效的直接作用抗病毒药物,但缺乏有效的丙肝病毒疫苗阻碍了全球范围内的控制和消除,其中新发感染和总体流行率仍然很高。丙型肝炎病毒疫苗的开发面临着挑战,包括病毒的高度遗传多样性、保护性免疫的不明确相关性以及缺乏用于疫苗测试的强大体内模型。尽管存在这些障碍,丙型肝炎病毒疫苗开发的前景正在迅速发展。包括亚基、病毒样颗粒、病毒载体、DNA和RNA疫苗在内的创新战略显示出有希望的结果,而受控的人类感染模型为加速疫苗开发提供了一个独特的机会,尽管在伦理上很复杂。学术界、工业界、政府机构和监管机构之间的合作努力对于优化疫苗战略、克服当前挑战和通过疫苗接种实现在全球消除丙肝病毒方面取得进展至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Targets of protective immunity and opportunities in hepatitis C virus vaccine development

Targets of protective immunity and opportunities in hepatitis C virus vaccine development

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a serious global health burden that affects nearly 50 million people worldwide. Despite the availability of highly effective direct-acting antiviral drugs, the lack of an effective HCV vaccine hinders control and elimination worldwide, wherein new infections and overall prevalence remain high. HCV vaccine development faces challenges including high genetic diversity of the virus, unclear correlates of protective immunity, and lack of robust in vivo models for vaccine testing. Despite these obstacles, the landscape of HCV vaccine development is rapidly evolving. Innovative strategies, including subunit, virus-like particle, viral vector, DNA and RNA vaccines, show promising results, and controlled human infection models offer a unique, albeit ethically complex, opportunity to accelerate vaccine development. Collaborative efforts among academia, industry, governmental agencies and regulatory bodies are crucial for optimizing vaccine strategies, overcoming current challenges and effecting advances towards global HCV elimination through vaccination.

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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Immunology
Nature Reviews Immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
93.40
自引率
0.40%
发文量
131
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Immunology is a journal that provides comprehensive coverage of all areas of immunology, including fundamental mechanisms and applied aspects. It has two international standard serial numbers (ISSN): 1474-1733 for print and 1474-1741 for online. In addition to review articles, the journal also features recent developments and new primary papers in the field, as well as reflections on influential people, papers, and events in the development of immunology. The subjects covered by Nature Reviews Immunology include allergy and asthma, autoimmunity, antigen processing and presentation, apoptosis and cell death, chemokines and chemokine receptors, cytokines and cytokine receptors, development and function of cells of the immune system, haematopoiesis, infection and immunity, immunotherapy, innate immunity, mucosal immunology and the microbiota, regulation of the immune response, signalling in the immune system, transplantation, tumour immunology and immunotherapy, and vaccine development.
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