Identification and Molecular Characterization of Two Novel Picorna-Like Viruses in Armigeres subalbatus Mosquitoes in Yunnan, China.

Background: Mosquitoes harbor diverse insect-specific viruses (ISVs) frequently overlooked in arbovirus surveillance. Comprehensive characterization of ISVs is crucial for understanding their impact on host ecology and potential roles in arbovirus transmission. Methods: Using metagenomic sequencing on Armigeres subalbatus from Yunnan, China, we identified two novel picorna-like viruses, assembled their genomes, and conducted phylogenetic analysis. Detection was confirmed via RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. Results: Both viruses are closely related to Hubei picorna-like virus 59, previously reported in spiders but unconfirmed. This work provides the first genomic evidence of this lineage in mosquitoes. Conclusion: This study characterizes two novel ISVs, expanding known picorna-like virus diversity and offering insights into cross-species virus evolution and arbovirus ecology.