{"title":"CreTPS3a启动子的单ltr插入增强了γ -萜烯的生物合成,并影响了柑橘类水果中消费者对柑橘类香气的偏好。","authors":"Huan Wen, Yuan Liu, Zhehui Hu, Dongxuan Wu, Lingling Shui, Zhipeng Zhao, Gu Li, Guixiang Chen, Jiajing Chen, Xiao Liu, Xiaolin Chen, Cecilia Hong Deng, Haipeng Zhang, Xinxin He, Xinxin Zhang, Xiuxin Deng, Andan Zhu, Juan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aroma differentiation is a key trait distinguishing citrus and other horticultural crops from staple crops. However, the mechanisms and sensory features by which distinctive and various citrus-like aroma in citrus remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that γ-terpinene determines tangerine-like aroma, affects consumer preference, and has pest-repellent properties. Both forward and reverse genetic analyses indicated the pivotal role of CreTPS3a in γ-terpinene biosynthesis. Additionally, we identified a solo-long terminal repeat (solo-LTR) insertion upstream of the CreTPS3a promoter in MD1-type domesticated mandarins. The transcription factor CreARF2 specifically bind to the solo-LTR, positively regulate CreTPS3a expression and γ-terpinene accumulation. Notably, this mechanism might associate with the geographical distribution patterns of tangerine germplasms. Integrating sensory evaluation with insect behavioral assays, we identified a γ-terpinene sensory threshold of around 50 μg/g that optimally balances pest-repellent properties with consumer preference. Collectively, these findings revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying tangerine-like aroma production, illustrated the complex interactions among citrus plants, human beings and insects, and open new possibilities for developing innovative eco-friendly strategies that may enhance fruit aroma and strengthen plant defense against pests simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A solo-LTR insertion in the CreTPS3a promoter enhances γ -terpinene biosynthesis and affects consumer preference for tangerine-like aroma in citrus fruits.\",\"authors\":\"Huan Wen, Yuan Liu, Zhehui Hu, Dongxuan Wu, Lingling Shui, Zhipeng Zhao, Gu Li, Guixiang Chen, Jiajing Chen, Xiao Liu, Xiaolin Chen, Cecilia Hong Deng, Haipeng Zhang, Xinxin He, Xinxin Zhang, Xiuxin Deng, Andan Zhu, Juan Xu\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.007\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Aroma differentiation is a key trait distinguishing citrus and other horticultural crops from staple crops. However, the mechanisms and sensory features by which distinctive and various citrus-like aroma in citrus remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that γ-terpinene determines tangerine-like aroma, affects consumer preference, and has pest-repellent properties. Both forward and reverse genetic analyses indicated the pivotal role of CreTPS3a in γ-terpinene biosynthesis. Additionally, we identified a solo-long terminal repeat (solo-LTR) insertion upstream of the CreTPS3a promoter in MD1-type domesticated mandarins. The transcription factor CreARF2 specifically bind to the solo-LTR, positively regulate CreTPS3a expression and γ-terpinene accumulation. Notably, this mechanism might associate with the geographical distribution patterns of tangerine germplasms. Integrating sensory evaluation with insect behavioral assays, we identified a γ-terpinene sensory threshold of around 50 μg/g that optimally balances pest-repellent properties with consumer preference. Collectively, these findings revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying tangerine-like aroma production, illustrated the complex interactions among citrus plants, human beings and insects, and open new possibilities for developing innovative eco-friendly strategies that may enhance fruit aroma and strengthen plant defense against pests simultaneously.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19012,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Molecular Plant\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":24.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Molecular Plant\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.007\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Plant","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.007","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A solo-LTR insertion in the CreTPS3a promoter enhances γ -terpinene biosynthesis and affects consumer preference for tangerine-like aroma in citrus fruits.
Aroma differentiation is a key trait distinguishing citrus and other horticultural crops from staple crops. However, the mechanisms and sensory features by which distinctive and various citrus-like aroma in citrus remain poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that γ-terpinene determines tangerine-like aroma, affects consumer preference, and has pest-repellent properties. Both forward and reverse genetic analyses indicated the pivotal role of CreTPS3a in γ-terpinene biosynthesis. Additionally, we identified a solo-long terminal repeat (solo-LTR) insertion upstream of the CreTPS3a promoter in MD1-type domesticated mandarins. The transcription factor CreARF2 specifically bind to the solo-LTR, positively regulate CreTPS3a expression and γ-terpinene accumulation. Notably, this mechanism might associate with the geographical distribution patterns of tangerine germplasms. Integrating sensory evaluation with insect behavioral assays, we identified a γ-terpinene sensory threshold of around 50 μg/g that optimally balances pest-repellent properties with consumer preference. Collectively, these findings revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying tangerine-like aroma production, illustrated the complex interactions among citrus plants, human beings and insects, and open new possibilities for developing innovative eco-friendly strategies that may enhance fruit aroma and strengthen plant defense against pests simultaneously.
期刊介绍:
Molecular Plant is dedicated to serving the plant science community by publishing novel and exciting findings with high significance in plant biology. The journal focuses broadly on cellular biology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, development, plant-microbe interaction, genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular evolution.
Molecular Plant publishes original research articles, reviews, Correspondence, and Spotlights on the most important developments in plant biology.