Jeff Schein, Maryaline Catillon, Anaïs Lemyre, Alice Qu, Frederic Kinkead, Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, Martin Cloutier, Ann Childress
{"title":"儿童注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）患者不良事件相关的医疗费用：一项基于索赔的研究","authors":"Jeff Schein, Maryaline Catillon, Anaïs Lemyre, Alice Qu, Frederic Kinkead, Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, Martin Cloutier, Ann Childress","doi":"10.1007/s12325-025-03345-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adverse events (AEs) are common in pediatric patients receiving attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment; however, real-world studies on their costs from a payer's perspective are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the healthcare costs associated with selected AEs among pediatric patients receiving ADHD treatment in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a retrospective cohort design, patients aged 6-17 years who received pharmacologic treatment for ADHD were identified from US claims data (October 1, 2015-September 30, 2023) and were categorized into AE and AE-free cohorts, separately for each studied AE. The eight selected AEs had statistically significant risk differences in a matching-adjusted indirect comparison of ADHD treatments and were identifiable from claims with ICD-10-CM codes. Entropy balancing was used to create cohorts with similar characteristics. Total excess healthcare costs and costs associated with AE-specific claims per patient per month (PPPM) were compared across balanced cohorts with vs. without a given AE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 393,919 patients (mean age: 12.5 years; male: 65.4%; stimulant monotherapy: 71.8%) were included, among whom 13.6% had ≥ 1 studied AE that resulted in a medical encounter during their treatment episode. The most prevalent AEs were upper abdominal pain (5.2%), vomiting (3.4%), and insomnia (3.2%). All AEs were associated with substantial AE-specific costs PPPM (asthenia: $196; somnolence: $171; insomnia: $169; vomiting: $106; dizziness: $92; upper abdominal pain: $91; irritability: $75; decreased weight: $46) and total excess healthcare costs PPPM (asthenia: $1178; somnolence: $821; vomiting: $427; insomnia: $404; dizziness: $380; upper abdominal pain: $336; irritability: $231; decreased weight: $219; all p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AEs were common during ADHD treatment episodes in pediatric patients and were associated with significant healthcare costs. ADHD treatments with a favorable safety profile could help alleviate the economic burden of AEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7482,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Healthcare Costs Associated with Adverse Events in Pediatric Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Claims-Based Study.\",\"authors\":\"Jeff Schein, Maryaline Catillon, Anaïs Lemyre, Alice Qu, Frederic Kinkead, Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle, Martin Cloutier, Ann Childress\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s12325-025-03345-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adverse events (AEs) are common in pediatric patients receiving attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment; however, real-world studies on their costs from a payer's perspective are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the healthcare costs associated with selected AEs among pediatric patients receiving ADHD treatment in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a retrospective cohort design, patients aged 6-17 years who received pharmacologic treatment for ADHD were identified from US claims data (October 1, 2015-September 30, 2023) and were categorized into AE and AE-free cohorts, separately for each studied AE. The eight selected AEs had statistically significant risk differences in a matching-adjusted indirect comparison of ADHD treatments and were identifiable from claims with ICD-10-CM codes. Entropy balancing was used to create cohorts with similar characteristics. Total excess healthcare costs and costs associated with AE-specific claims per patient per month (PPPM) were compared across balanced cohorts with vs. without a given AE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 393,919 patients (mean age: 12.5 years; male: 65.4%; stimulant monotherapy: 71.8%) were included, among whom 13.6% had ≥ 1 studied AE that resulted in a medical encounter during their treatment episode. The most prevalent AEs were upper abdominal pain (5.2%), vomiting (3.4%), and insomnia (3.2%). All AEs were associated with substantial AE-specific costs PPPM (asthenia: $196; somnolence: $171; insomnia: $169; vomiting: $106; dizziness: $92; upper abdominal pain: $91; irritability: $75; decreased weight: $46) and total excess healthcare costs PPPM (asthenia: $1178; somnolence: $821; vomiting: $427; insomnia: $404; dizziness: $380; upper abdominal pain: $336; irritability: $231; decreased weight: $219; all p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AEs were common during ADHD treatment episodes in pediatric patients and were associated with significant healthcare costs. 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Healthcare Costs Associated with Adverse Events in Pediatric Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Claims-Based Study.
Introduction: Adverse events (AEs) are common in pediatric patients receiving attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment; however, real-world studies on their costs from a payer's perspective are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the healthcare costs associated with selected AEs among pediatric patients receiving ADHD treatment in the United States.
Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design, patients aged 6-17 years who received pharmacologic treatment for ADHD were identified from US claims data (October 1, 2015-September 30, 2023) and were categorized into AE and AE-free cohorts, separately for each studied AE. The eight selected AEs had statistically significant risk differences in a matching-adjusted indirect comparison of ADHD treatments and were identifiable from claims with ICD-10-CM codes. Entropy balancing was used to create cohorts with similar characteristics. Total excess healthcare costs and costs associated with AE-specific claims per patient per month (PPPM) were compared across balanced cohorts with vs. without a given AE.
Results: Overall, 393,919 patients (mean age: 12.5 years; male: 65.4%; stimulant monotherapy: 71.8%) were included, among whom 13.6% had ≥ 1 studied AE that resulted in a medical encounter during their treatment episode. The most prevalent AEs were upper abdominal pain (5.2%), vomiting (3.4%), and insomnia (3.2%). All AEs were associated with substantial AE-specific costs PPPM (asthenia: $196; somnolence: $171; insomnia: $169; vomiting: $106; dizziness: $92; upper abdominal pain: $91; irritability: $75; decreased weight: $46) and total excess healthcare costs PPPM (asthenia: $1178; somnolence: $821; vomiting: $427; insomnia: $404; dizziness: $380; upper abdominal pain: $336; irritability: $231; decreased weight: $219; all p < 0.01).
Conclusions: AEs were common during ADHD treatment episodes in pediatric patients and were associated with significant healthcare costs. ADHD treatments with a favorable safety profile could help alleviate the economic burden of AEs.
期刊介绍：
Advances in Therapy is an international, peer reviewed, rapid-publication (peer review in 2 weeks, published 3–4 weeks from acceptance) journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of therapeutics and interventions (including devices) across all therapeutic areas. Studies relating to diagnostics and diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, epidemiology, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged.
The journal is of interest to a broad audience of healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, communications and letters. The journal is read by a global audience and receives submissions from all over the world. Advances in Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of all scientifically and ethically sound research.
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