Investigating the Role of Gene Polymorphisms in Hypertension: Evidence from the Jordanian Population.

Purpose: Hypertension (HTN) is a complex disorder regulated by multiple physiological systems. Each individual's underlying genetic architecture strongly influences inter-individual variability in therapeutic responses to HTN. Consequently, identifying candidate genes that contribute to the genetic basis of HTN remains a significant challenge. This study aims to investigate the association between eleven polymorphisms across eight candidate genes and HTN in the Jordanian population.

Patients and methods: This study included 200 patients with hypertension from Jordan and 224 healthy controls. Whole blood samples were collected from each participant, followed by the extraction of genomic DNA. The distribution of polymorphisms in the genes VEGFA, NAT2, TANC2, NR3C2, PROX1, PTGER3, TLE1, and PRKCA was investigated. Haplotype, genotype, and allele frequencies were analyzed using the SNPStats web tool.

Results: In the Jordanian population, significant differences were observed in the frequency of the A/A genotype of rs699947 in VEGFA and the G/A genotype of rs2429427 in TANC2 (P = 0.006 and 0.042, respectively) between healthy individuals and those with hypertension. No significant associations were detected for the other SNPs analyzed with hypertension incidence. Additionally, significant differences were noted in the codominant and recessive models of VEGFA rs699947, the recessive model of NAT2 rs1041983, the dominant and overdominant models of TANC2 rs2429427, and the overdominant model of NR3C2 rs5522 between the groups. Overall, the genotype distributions of the VEGFA and TANC2 genes differed significantly between healthy individuals and those with hypertension.

Conclusion: These findings highlight the potential of incorporating genetic profiling into clinical practice to enable more precise, genotype-guided hypertension management, paving the way for personalized therapeutic strategies in affected populations.