Implantable biosensors: Advancements and applications.

This chapter, "Implantable Biosensors: Advancements and Applications," provides a succinct overview of the state-of-the-art in implantable biosensor technology, highlighting both established clinical uses and promising areas of ongoing research. It begins by outlining the fundamental principles and advantages of these sensors, such as their precision in physiological monitoring and capability for real-time therapeutic interventions. A variety of implantable sensors are categorized, including biophysical and biochemical types, each designed for specific medical applications. In endocrinology, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems represent a pivotal and well-established use of implantable biosensors for diabetes management. In contrast, applications in ophthalmology, such as sensors for monitoring intraocular pressure to prevent glaucoma, are still under investigation and not yet widely adopted in clinical practice, though they hold significant promise. The chapter also explores potential applications across other medical fields, including cardiology, neurology, gastroenterology, pulmonology, otolaryngology, urology, orthopedics, pharmacology, and oncology. These areas are witnessing innovative research and development efforts aimed at harnessing the potential of implantable biosensors for enhanced patient care. The integration of these sensors with drug delivery systems and their role in real-time disease biomarker monitoring underscore their transformative potential. In summary, this chapter highlights the significant advancements in implantable biosensors, emphasizing their current clinical applications and future possibilities in revolutionizing medical diagnostics and treatment.