Correlation between visual function and corneal backscatter by Scheimpflug imaging or anterior segment optical coherence tomography in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.

Abtract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the correlation between corneal backscatter and visual function in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).

Study design: Prospective case series.

Methods: This study included 53 eyes from 38 patients with FECD. Corneal backscatter was quantified using light scattering (LS) via Scheimpflug imaging, and signal intensity (SI) via anterior segment optical coherence tomography. We measured corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) using the Landolt-C and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts and contrast sensitivity function with sine wave grading chart by the area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) and letter contrast sensitivity (LCS).

Results: Significant correlations were observed between LS and SI, particularly in the posterior 60 μm of the central 0-2-mm cornea. LS in the central 6-mm cornea was significantly correlated with CDVA (Landolt-C and ETDRS) or contrast sensitivity (AULCSF and LCS) in most layers or diameters. In the central 0-2-mm cornea, LCS and posterior LS had the strongest correlation (ρ = -0.58, P < 0.01), followed by AULCSF and posterior LS (ρ = -0.55, P < 0.01). In the central 0.5-2-mm cornea, anterior or posterior SI demonstrated significant correlations with CDVA (Landolt-C and ETDRS) and contrast sensitivity (AULCSF and LCS). AULCSF and posterior SI had the strongest correlation (ρ = -0.58, P < 0.01), followed by LCS and posterior SI (ρ = -0.56, P < 0.01).

Conclusion: The corneal backscatter of the anterior and posterior central cornea of FECD is significantly correlated with visual function across both imaging modalities.