{"title":"印度东南海岸帕尔克湾商业盐和原盐中的微塑料污染","authors":"Karthikeyan Perumal, Taslima Ahmed Hazarika, Mghili Bilal, Gouri Beena Ramachandran, Sethulakshmi Jayaprakash, Prabhu Kolandhasamy","doi":"10.1007/s11270-025-08481-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) are found in the ocean all over the world. The objective of this study was to analyze microplastic (MP) contamination by comparing the abundance of MPs in commercial salts and unprocessed raw salts from the Palk Bay region. A total of 205 MPs particles/kg were identified through the eight salt samples (six raw salts and two commercial salts). The average concentration of MPs was 41 particles/kg in raw salt flats and 20.5 particles/kg in commercial salts. Among them, fibers (71%) were the most predominant type, followed by sheets (15%), and fragments (14%). The sizes of MPs in both commercial and raw salts ranged from 1 to 5 mm. Five types of polymers were identified: polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyamide (PA) in both salts types. These finding pointed out that raw salts indicated the highly contaminated by MPs which is directly originating from seawater and the occurrence of MPs in consumable salt highlights a possible risk to human health exposure through dietary sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":808,"journal":{"name":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","volume":"236 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Unveiling Microplastic Pollution in Commercial and Raw Salts from Palk Bay, Southeast Coast of India\",\"authors\":\"Karthikeyan Perumal, Taslima Ahmed Hazarika, Mghili Bilal, Gouri Beena Ramachandran, Sethulakshmi Jayaprakash, Prabhu Kolandhasamy\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11270-025-08481-2\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) are found in the ocean all over the world. The objective of this study was to analyze microplastic (MP) contamination by comparing the abundance of MPs in commercial salts and unprocessed raw salts from the Palk Bay region. A total of 205 MPs particles/kg were identified through the eight salt samples (six raw salts and two commercial salts). The average concentration of MPs was 41 particles/kg in raw salt flats and 20.5 particles/kg in commercial salts. Among them, fibers (71%) were the most predominant type, followed by sheets (15%), and fragments (14%). The sizes of MPs in both commercial and raw salts ranged from 1 to 5 mm. Five types of polymers were identified: polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyamide (PA) in both salts types. These finding pointed out that raw salts indicated the highly contaminated by MPs which is directly originating from seawater and the occurrence of MPs in consumable salt highlights a possible risk to human health exposure through dietary sources.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":808,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution\",\"volume\":\"236 12\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"6\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-025-08481-2\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"环境科学与生态学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"6","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-025-08481-2","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Unveiling Microplastic Pollution in Commercial and Raw Salts from Palk Bay, Southeast Coast of India
Microplastics (MPs) are found in the ocean all over the world. The objective of this study was to analyze microplastic (MP) contamination by comparing the abundance of MPs in commercial salts and unprocessed raw salts from the Palk Bay region. A total of 205 MPs particles/kg were identified through the eight salt samples (six raw salts and two commercial salts). The average concentration of MPs was 41 particles/kg in raw salt flats and 20.5 particles/kg in commercial salts. Among them, fibers (71%) were the most predominant type, followed by sheets (15%), and fragments (14%). The sizes of MPs in both commercial and raw salts ranged from 1 to 5 mm. Five types of polymers were identified: polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyamide (PA) in both salts types. These finding pointed out that raw salts indicated the highly contaminated by MPs which is directly originating from seawater and the occurrence of MPs in consumable salt highlights a possible risk to human health exposure through dietary sources.
期刊介绍：
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments.
Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.
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