秸秆还田与氮肥综合管理可提高钙质土壤小麦籽粒锌含量

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Field Crops Research Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110139

Laichao Luo , Xiaoli Hui , Xianfeng Zheng , Zhaohui Wang , Yinglong Chen , Ji Wu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

有机改良和优化氮肥是提高谷物锌含量的关键农艺策略。迄今为止，有机肥与氮肥同时施用对作物锌富集的影响研究较少。目的研究玉米秸秆还田配施氮肥对小麦锌吸收、再活化、生化有效性及籽粒锌生物强化的影响。方法在冬小麦-夏玉米轮作区进行长期田间试验，比较两种秸秆还田水平和3种施氮量。评估的关键参数包括锌在小麦体内的积累和再动员、细胞锌浓度、旗叶铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（Cu/Zn- sod）和碳酸酐酶（CA）活性、籽粒锌浓度及其对人体的生物利用度。结果秸秆还田使籽粒锌浓度和生物利用度分别提高了9.6% %和9.2% %。氮肥处理的增产幅度更大，分别为26.6% %和30.5% %。秸秆还草配施氮肥使籽粒锌浓度提高到41.3 ~ 46.9 mg kg−1，超过了40 mg kg−1的生物强化目标。同样，施氮提高了根和旗叶细胞可溶性部分Zn浓度、旗叶Cu/Zn- sod和CA活性、茎部Zn积累、营养器官Zn向籽粒的再动员和籽粒Zn积累。秸秆还田处理提高了细胞可溶性部分Zn浓度、Cu/Zn- sod和CA活性，但Zn再活化无显著变化。结论与意义对于中等锌供给土壤中生长的小麦，秸秆还田与优化施氮相结合可以在不需要额外锌肥投入的情况下有效实现籽粒锌的生物强化。秸秆还田配施氮肥提高了籽粒锌浓度，其主要原因是增加了小麦对锌的吸收，改善了锌对籽粒的再活化，提高了锌在植物体内的生化有效性。研究结果对非缺锌土壤下小麦籽粒生物强化锌营养具有指导意义。

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Integrated straw return and nitrogen management improve grain zinc in wheat grown on calcareous soils

Context

Organic amendment and optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilization represent key agronomic strategies for enhancing zinc (Zn) concentration in cereal grains. To date, limited attention has been given to the effects of the simultaneous application of organic materials and N fertilizers on crop Zn enrichment.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of integrating maize straw return and N fertilization on Zn uptake, remobilization, and biochemical availability in wheat, as well as grain Zn biofortification.

Methods

A long-term field experiment was conducted in a winter wheat-summer maize rotation region in China, comparing two straw return levels and three N application rates. Key parameters assessed included Zn accumulation and remobilization in wheat, cellular Zn concentration, and the activity of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in flag leaves, as well as grain Zn concentration and its bioavailability to humans.

Results

Straw return increased grain Zn concentration and bioavailability by 9.6 % and 9.2 %, respectively. In contrast, N fertilization led to significantly greater increases of 26.6 % and 30.5 %, respectively. The combination of straw return and N fertilization elevated grain Zn concentration to 41.3–46.9 mg kg⁻¹, surpassing the biofortification target of 40 mg kg⁻¹. Similarly, N fertilization enhanced Zn concentration in the cell-soluble fractions of roots and flag leaves, as well as the activity of Cu/Zn-SOD and CA in flag leaves, shoot Zn accumulation, Zn remobilization from vegetative organs to grains, and grain Zn accumulation. In the straw return treatment, Zn concentration in the cell-soluble fractions and Cu/Zn-SOD and CA activity increased, but no significant changes were observed in Zn remobilization.

Conclusions and implications

For wheat grown in soils with a medium Zn supply, integrating straw return and optimized N application can effectively achieve grain Zn biofortification without the need for additional Zn fertilizer inputs. The increase in grain Zn concentration due to the combination of straw return and N application can be attributed to enhanced increased wheat Zn uptake, improved Zn remobilization to grains, and enhanced biochemical availability of Zn in plants. These findings provide valuable guidance for biofortifying Zn nutrition in wheat grains grown in non-deficient Zn soils.

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来源期刊

Field Crops Research 农林科学-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

12.10%

发文量

307

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： Field Crops Research is an international journal publishing scientific articles on: √ experimental and modelling research at field, farm and landscape levels on temperate and tropical crops and cropping systems, with a focus on crop ecology and physiology, agronomy, and plant genetics and breeding.