Saliha Ahmad, David J. Burke, Sarah R. Carrino-Kyker, Juliana S. Medeiros, Jean H. Burns
{"title":"杜鹃花物种驱动的真菌群落与对肉桂疫霉的病原菌保护有关","authors":"Saliha Ahmad, David J. Burke, Sarah R. Carrino-Kyker, Juliana S. Medeiros, Jean H. Burns","doi":"10.1007/s11104-025-07847-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and aims</h3><p>Plant interactions with soil microbial communities are critical for understanding plant health, improving horticultural and agricultural outcomes, and maintaining diverse natural communities. In some cases, disease suppressive soils enhance plant survival in the presence of pathogens. However, species-specific differences and seasonal variation complicate our understanding of the drivers of soil fungal communities and their consequences for plants. Here, we aim to describe soil fungal communities across <i>Rhododendron</i> species and seasons as well as the test for fungal indicators of <i>Rhododendron</i> species in the soil. Further, we test possible mechanisms governing disease suppressive soils to the oomycete pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. Variation in disease susceptibility to this pathogen across species and clades allows us to test for possible fungal drivers of disease suppressive soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted high throughput sequencing of the fungal communities found in soil collected under 14 <i>Rhododendron</i> species and across 2 seasons (April, October) at two sites in Ohio, USA. Phylogenetic analyses were used to ask whether fungal community composition correlated with increased plant survival with the addition of whole soil communities from a prior greenhouse experiment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Effects of <i>Rhododendron</i> species (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.13), season (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.01) and their interaction on fungal communities (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.11) were statistically significant. Fungal community composition negatively correlated with survival following exposure to whole soil microbial communities, though this result depended on the presence of <i>R. minus</i>. Forty-five <i>Trichoderma</i> taxa were identified across our soil samples, and some <i>Trichoderma</i> were significantly associated with particular <i>Rhododendron</i> species (e.g. <i>Trichoderma atroviride</i> was associated with <i>R. molle</i>) in indicator species analyses.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The correlation between plant responses to soil biotic communities and fungal community composition, as well as the presence of potential beneficial taxa such as <i>Trichoderma</i> and mycorrhizal fungi, are consistent with fungal-mediated survival benefits from the pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>.\n</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Fungal communities driven by Rhododendron species correlate with pathogen protection against Phytophthora cinnamomi\",\"authors\":\"Saliha Ahmad, David J. Burke, Sarah R. Carrino-Kyker, Juliana S. Medeiros, Jean H. Burns\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11104-025-07847-z\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Background and aims</h3><p>Plant interactions with soil microbial communities are critical for understanding plant health, improving horticultural and agricultural outcomes, and maintaining diverse natural communities. In some cases, disease suppressive soils enhance plant survival in the presence of pathogens. However, species-specific differences and seasonal variation complicate our understanding of the drivers of soil fungal communities and their consequences for plants. Here, we aim to describe soil fungal communities across <i>Rhododendron</i> species and seasons as well as the test for fungal indicators of <i>Rhododendron</i> species in the soil. Further, we test possible mechanisms governing disease suppressive soils to the oomycete pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. Variation in disease susceptibility to this pathogen across species and clades allows us to test for possible fungal drivers of disease suppressive soils.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted high throughput sequencing of the fungal communities found in soil collected under 14 <i>Rhododendron</i> species and across 2 seasons (April, October) at two sites in Ohio, USA. Phylogenetic analyses were used to ask whether fungal community composition correlated with increased plant survival with the addition of whole soil communities from a prior greenhouse experiment.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Results</h3><p>Effects of <i>Rhododendron</i> species (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.13), season (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.01) and their interaction on fungal communities (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.11) were statistically significant. Fungal community composition negatively correlated with survival following exposure to whole soil microbial communities, though this result depended on the presence of <i>R. minus</i>. Forty-five <i>Trichoderma</i> taxa were identified across our soil samples, and some <i>Trichoderma</i> were significantly associated with particular <i>Rhododendron</i> species (e.g. <i>Trichoderma atroviride</i> was associated with <i>R. molle</i>) in indicator species analyses.</p><h3 data-test=\\\"abstract-sub-heading\\\">Conclusion</h3><p>The correlation between plant responses to soil biotic communities and fungal community composition, as well as the presence of potential beneficial taxa such as <i>Trichoderma</i> and mycorrhizal fungi, are consistent with fungal-mediated survival benefits from the pathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>.\\n</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20223,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"volume\":\"16 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-09\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Plant and Soil\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07847-z\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRONOMY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant and Soil","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-025-07847-z","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Fungal communities driven by Rhododendron species correlate with pathogen protection against Phytophthora cinnamomi
Background and aims
Plant interactions with soil microbial communities are critical for understanding plant health, improving horticultural and agricultural outcomes, and maintaining diverse natural communities. In some cases, disease suppressive soils enhance plant survival in the presence of pathogens. However, species-specific differences and seasonal variation complicate our understanding of the drivers of soil fungal communities and their consequences for plants. Here, we aim to describe soil fungal communities across Rhododendron species and seasons as well as the test for fungal indicators of Rhododendron species in the soil. Further, we test possible mechanisms governing disease suppressive soils to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi. Variation in disease susceptibility to this pathogen across species and clades allows us to test for possible fungal drivers of disease suppressive soils.
Methods
We conducted high throughput sequencing of the fungal communities found in soil collected under 14 Rhododendron species and across 2 seasons (April, October) at two sites in Ohio, USA. Phylogenetic analyses were used to ask whether fungal community composition correlated with increased plant survival with the addition of whole soil communities from a prior greenhouse experiment.
Results
Effects of Rhododendron species (R2 = 0.13), season (R2 = 0.01) and their interaction on fungal communities (R2 = 0.11) were statistically significant. Fungal community composition negatively correlated with survival following exposure to whole soil microbial communities, though this result depended on the presence of R. minus. Forty-five Trichoderma taxa were identified across our soil samples, and some Trichoderma were significantly associated with particular Rhododendron species (e.g. Trichoderma atroviride was associated with R. molle) in indicator species analyses.
Conclusion
The correlation between plant responses to soil biotic communities and fungal community composition, as well as the presence of potential beneficial taxa such as Trichoderma and mycorrhizal fungi, are consistent with fungal-mediated survival benefits from the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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