Bruno Sousa, Cristiano Soares, Paulo Ricardo Oliveira-Pinto, Conceição Santos, Fernanda Fidalgo, Teresa Lino-Neto
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Functional enrichment analysis revealed an apparent downregulation of genes associated with cell cycle progression, differentiation, and cell wall organization in both roots and shoots. This may explain the impaired plant growth and reduced performance observed under stress co-exposure. On the other hand, combined stress triggered a marked upregulation of genes involved in hormone signaling, protein stability, heat shock response, antioxidant defense, glutathione metabolism, and enzymatic regulation, suggesting a well-coordinated activation of protective mechanisms. Additionally, upregulation of genes related to RNA modification and ribosome-related processes indicates a tight transcriptional control over these responses, enabling plants to manage resources effectively and prioritize stress acclimation at the expense of growth. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
地中海盆地是番茄生产的热点地区,也是气候变化最脆弱的地区之一,气温上升、土壤和水盐碱化加剧是农业可持续性的主要威胁。因此,为了了解植物对这种胁迫组合反应背后的分子机制,我们对暴露在盐(100 mM NaCl)和/或热(42°C,每天4小时)胁迫下21天的番茄植株的根和芽进行了RNA-Seq分析。结果表明,在不同的胁迫条件下,有8000多个差异表达基因(DEGs)在根中有1716个差异表达基因,在茎中有2665个差异表达基因在不同的胁迫条件下被调节。功能富集分析显示,根和芽中与细胞周期进程、分化和细胞壁组织相关的基因明显下调。这也许可以解释在共暴露胁迫下观察到的植物生长受损和性能下降。另一方面,联合应激触发了与激素信号、蛋白质稳定性、热休克反应、抗氧化防御、谷胱甘肽代谢和酶调节有关的基因的显著上调,表明保护机制的激活是协调一致的。此外,与RNA修饰和核糖体相关过程相关的基因上调表明对这些反应有严格的转录控制,使植物能够有效地管理资源并优先考虑以牺牲生长为代价的逆境适应。总的来说,本研究收集的数据为番茄植物在热盐联合胁迫下复杂的分子调节提供了重要的见解,为未来提高番茄植物对气候变化的适应能力提供了基础。
Transcriptional Dynamics of Tomato Plants Under Combined Heat and Salt Stress.
The Mediterranean Basin, a hotspot for tomato production, is one of the most vulnerable areas to climate change, where rising temperatures and increasing soil and water salinization represent major threats to agricultural sustainability. Thus, to understand the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to this stress combination, an RNA-Seq analysis was conducted on roots and shoots of tomato plants exposed to salt (100 mM NaCl) and/or heat (42°C, 4 h each day) stress for 21 days. The analysis identified over 8000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under combined stress conditions, with 1716 DEGs in roots and 2665 in shoots being exclusively modulated in response to this specific stress condition. Functional enrichment analysis revealed an apparent downregulation of genes associated with cell cycle progression, differentiation, and cell wall organization in both roots and shoots. This may explain the impaired plant growth and reduced performance observed under stress co-exposure. On the other hand, combined stress triggered a marked upregulation of genes involved in hormone signaling, protein stability, heat shock response, antioxidant defense, glutathione metabolism, and enzymatic regulation, suggesting a well-coordinated activation of protective mechanisms. Additionally, upregulation of genes related to RNA modification and ribosome-related processes indicates a tight transcriptional control over these responses, enabling plants to manage resources effectively and prioritize stress acclimation at the expense of growth. Overall, the data gathered in our study provide important insights into the complex molecular adjustments deployed by tomato plants under combined heat and salt stress, offering a foundation for future approaches to enhance tomato plants' resilience to climate change.
期刊介绍:
Physiologia Plantarum is an international journal committed to publishing the best full-length original research papers that advance our understanding of primary mechanisms of plant development, growth and productivity as well as plant interactions with the biotic and abiotic environment. All organisational levels of experimental plant biology – from molecular and cell biology, biochemistry and biophysics to ecophysiology and global change biology – fall within the scope of the journal. The content is distributed between 5 main subject areas supervised by Subject Editors specialised in the respective domain: (1) biochemistry and metabolism, (2) ecophysiology, stress and adaptation, (3) uptake, transport and assimilation, (4) development, growth and differentiation, (5) photobiology and photosynthesis.