{"title":"影响医院废水中难辨梭菌孢子数的若干因素。","authors":"Chun-Wei Chiu, Shiang-En Chen, Yu-Ting Lin, Ching-Chi Lee, Jen-Chieh Lee, Chin-Shiang Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko, Chih-Hsuan Tsai, Yuan-Pin Hung","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S516395","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Wastewater from hospitals may be an important source of <i>C. difficile</i> transmission between hospitals and communities. The objective of this study is to quantify <i>C. difficile</i> spores and to elucidate their potential transmission risk via hospital wastewater.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study of wastewater from a teaching hospital was conducted weekly, from July 2023 to June 2024. The number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings fluctuated weekly during the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a borderline association between the number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater at room temperature in hospitals (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and the consumption of antimicrobial agents (<i>p value =</i> 0.04), particularly cephalosporins (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Specifically, the number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in the wastewater was highly correlated with first-generation cephalosporin consumption (<i>p</i> = 0.002), particularly the consumption of first-generation intravenous cephalosporin (cefazolin) (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings is strongly associated with the consumption of antimicrobial agents, particularly cephalosporins. Further evaluation is needed to assess whether antibiotic stewardship programs can reduce the burden of <i>C. difficile</i> spores in wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":13577,"journal":{"name":"Infection and Drug Resistance","volume":"18 ","pages":"4603-4613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413832/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Some Factors Influencing the Number of <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> Spores Detected in Hospital Wastewater.\",\"authors\":\"Chun-Wei Chiu, Shiang-En Chen, Yu-Ting Lin, Ching-Chi Lee, Jen-Chieh Lee, Chin-Shiang Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko, Chih-Hsuan Tsai, Yuan-Pin Hung\",\"doi\":\"10.2147/IDR.S516395\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong><i>Clostridioides difficile</i> is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Wastewater from hospitals may be an important source of <i>C. difficile</i> transmission between hospitals and communities. The objective of this study is to quantify <i>C. difficile</i> spores and to elucidate their potential transmission risk via hospital wastewater.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study of wastewater from a teaching hospital was conducted weekly, from July 2023 to June 2024. The number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings fluctuated weekly during the study period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a borderline association between the number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater at room temperature in hospitals (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and the consumption of antimicrobial agents (<i>p value =</i> 0.04), particularly cephalosporins (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Specifically, the number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in the wastewater was highly correlated with first-generation cephalosporin consumption (<i>p</i> = 0.002), particularly the consumption of first-generation intravenous cephalosporin (cefazolin) (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The number of <i>C. difficile</i> spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings is strongly associated with the consumption of antimicrobial agents, particularly cephalosporins. Further evaluation is needed to assess whether antibiotic stewardship programs can reduce the burden of <i>C. difficile</i> spores in wastewater.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13577,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Infection and Drug Resistance\",\"volume\":\"18 \",\"pages\":\"4603-4613\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413832/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Infection and Drug Resistance\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S516395\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Infection and Drug Resistance","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S516395","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Some Factors Influencing the Number of Clostridioides difficile Spores Detected in Hospital Wastewater.
Objective: Clostridioides difficile is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Wastewater from hospitals may be an important source of C. difficile transmission between hospitals and communities. The objective of this study is to quantify C. difficile spores and to elucidate their potential transmission risk via hospital wastewater.
Methods: A prospective study of wastewater from a teaching hospital was conducted weekly, from July 2023 to June 2024. The number of C. difficile spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings fluctuated weekly during the study period.
Results: There was a borderline association between the number of C. difficile spores detected in wastewater at room temperature in hospitals (p = 0.02) and the consumption of antimicrobial agents (p value = 0.04), particularly cephalosporins (p = 0.001). Specifically, the number of C. difficile spores detected in the wastewater was highly correlated with first-generation cephalosporin consumption (p = 0.002), particularly the consumption of first-generation intravenous cephalosporin (cefazolin) (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: The number of C. difficile spores detected in wastewater from hospital settings is strongly associated with the consumption of antimicrobial agents, particularly cephalosporins. Further evaluation is needed to assess whether antibiotic stewardship programs can reduce the burden of C. difficile spores in wastewater.
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ISSN: 1178-6973
Editor-in-Chief: Professor Suresh Antony
An international, peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on the optimal treatment of infection (bacterial, fungal and viral) and the development and institution of preventative strategies to minimize the development and spread of resistance.
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