极端混沌条件下嗜盐生长与细胞完整性的反比关系。

IF 2.6 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Astrobiology Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI:10.1177/15311074251376365
Luke A Fisher, Alyson R Bovee, Jordan M McKaig, Benjamin Klempay, Alexandra Pontefract, Christopher E Carr, Britney E Schmidt, Jeff S Bowman, Douglas H Bartlett
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引用次数: 0

摘要

浓缩氯化镁盐水是地球上不适合生命生存的极端环境。这些卤水的离子强度显著降低了水的活度,同时产生了显著的朝向应力。虽然这些盐水在很大程度上被认为是无菌的,但众所周知的氯化镁对某些生物分子(如DNA)的防腐作用,使生命探测方法和精确限制地球上生命可居住窗口的努力变得混乱。虽然这些卤水保存遗传物质的能力得到了充分的记载,但一般认为保存在氯化镁卤水中的整个细胞的保存却很少得到描述。本研究探讨了长期暴露于高混沌性氯化镁对模式生物大肠杆菌、橡胶盐杆菌、盐杆菌和沃尔斯比盐quadratum的活力、细胞完整性和DNA保存的影响。所选的嗜盐菌与本研究相关,因为它们在盐水环境中丰富且全球分布,而大肠杆菌被选中代表非适应细胞的流入或运输。我们在大肠杆菌中观察到意想不到的恢复力,它在4 M氯化镁中存活的时间比被测试的嗜盐菌长,并且不存活的细胞保持结构完整的时间超过3年。整个S. rubber细胞也被保存在4 M氯化镁中,而测试的盐古菌在暴露数小时内失去活力并完全降解。所有测试菌株的DNA在暴露3年以上后从孵育中恢复;它显示出一些降解的迹象,但仍然可以通过聚合酶链反应扩增。我们的工作表明,在氯化镁盐水中保存整个细胞并不是普遍的。考虑到我们太阳系内可能存在丰富的混沌盐水环境,了解这些盐水中生命的极限和生物特征的保存对于为未来的地球及其他地方的生命探测任务提供信息至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Inverse Relationship Between Halophilic Growth and Cell Integrity Under Extremely Chaotropic Conditions.

Concentrated magnesium chloride brines are extreme environments that are inhospitable to life on Earth. The ionic strength of these brines significantly depresses water activity and concomitantly exerts significant chaotropic stress. Although these brines are largely considered sterile, the well-known preservative effects of magnesium chloride on certain biomolecules, such as DNA, confound life detection approaches and efforts to constrain precisely the habitable window of life on Earth. While the ability of these brines to preserve genetic material is well documented, the preservation of whole cells, which are generally thought to be preserved in magnesium chloride brines, is poorly described. This work explores the effects of long-term exposure of highly chaotropic magnesium chloride on viability, cell integrity, and DNA preservation in the model organisms Escherichia coli, Salinibacter ruber, Halobacterium salinarum, and Haloquadratum walsbyi. The selected halophiles are relevant for this study as they are abundant and globally distributed in brine environments, while E. coli was chosen to represent infall or transport of non-adapted cells. We observed unexpected resilience in E. coli, which survived in 4 M magnesium chloride for longer than the tested halophiles, and nonviable cells maintained structural whole-cell integrity for over 3 years. Whole S. ruber cells were also preserved in 4 M magnesium chloride, while the tested haloarchaea lost viability and completely degraded within hours of exposure. DNA from all tested strains was recovered from incubations after upwards of 3 years of exposure; it showed some signs of degradation but was nonetheless still amplifiable via polymerase chain reaction. Our work demonstrates that the preservation of whole cells in magnesium chloride brines is not universal. Considering the potential abundance of chaotropic brine environments within our solar system, understanding the limits of life and the preservation of biosignatures in these brines is critical to inform future life detection missions on Earth and beyond.

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来源期刊
Astrobiology
Astrobiology 生物-地球科学综合
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
11.90%
发文量
100
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Astrobiology is the most-cited peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the understanding of life''s origin, evolution, and distribution in the universe, with a focus on new findings and discoveries from interplanetary exploration and laboratory research. Astrobiology coverage includes: Astrophysics; Astropaleontology; Astroplanets; Bioastronomy; Cosmochemistry; Ecogenomics; Exobiology; Extremophiles; Geomicrobiology; Gravitational biology; Life detection technology; Meteoritics; Planetary geoscience; Planetary protection; Prebiotic chemistry; Space exploration technology; Terraforming
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