Walid Boukhili , Kunfang Chen , Xiang Wan , Chee Leong Tan , Huabin Sun , Zhihao Yu , Swelm Wageh , Yong Xu , Dongyoon Khim
{"title":"用于有机晶体管高效电荷注入的有机-无机杂化注入层","authors":"Walid Boukhili , Kunfang Chen , Xiang Wan , Chee Leong Tan , Huabin Sun , Zhihao Yu , Swelm Wageh , Yong Xu , Dongyoon Khim","doi":"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107332","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploring suitable injection layer architectures, whether simple or hybrid organic–inorganic bilayers, that ensure efficient charge injection, favorable interfacial properties, and low-cost fabrication is of great technological significance for advancing inorganic and organic electronic devices. In this study, a series of tetracene-based organic thin-film transistors (tetracene-OTFTs) were fabricated, characterized, and systematically investigated, including reference devices with bare Au source/drain (S/D) electrodes and devices incorporating injection layers such as MoO<sub>3</sub>, pentacene (P5), and a hybrid P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> bilayer beneath the Au S/D electrodes. Among all configurations, devices employing the P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> injection bilayer demonstrated the highest performance, achieving a hole mobility of 2.5 × 10<sup>−2</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, a reduced threshold voltage of −0.65 V, near-zero onset voltage, a high on/off current ratio of 5.6 × 10<sup>4</sup>, a low contact resistance of 1.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> kΩ, and reduced trap densities. The enhanced electrical performance of devices with the hybrid P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> injection bilayer is attributed to its synergistic function: MoO<sub>3</sub> enables favorable energy level alignment for efficient hole injection, while the ultrathin P5 layer acts as a diffusion barrier and forms a coherent organic/organic interface that enhances morphological compatibility with the tetracene active layer. These findings highlight the significant potential of hybrid injection bilayer architectures to simultaneously optimize charge injection, interfacial energetics, and device performance, thereby paving the way toward next-generation high-performance hybrid electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":399,"journal":{"name":"Organic Electronics","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 107332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Organic–inorganic hybrid injection layers for efficient charge injection in organic transistors\",\"authors\":\"Walid Boukhili , Kunfang Chen , Xiang Wan , Chee Leong Tan , Huabin Sun , Zhihao Yu , Swelm Wageh , Yong Xu , Dongyoon Khim\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.orgel.2025.107332\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Exploring suitable injection layer architectures, whether simple or hybrid organic–inorganic bilayers, that ensure efficient charge injection, favorable interfacial properties, and low-cost fabrication is of great technological significance for advancing inorganic and organic electronic devices. In this study, a series of tetracene-based organic thin-film transistors (tetracene-OTFTs) were fabricated, characterized, and systematically investigated, including reference devices with bare Au source/drain (S/D) electrodes and devices incorporating injection layers such as MoO<sub>3</sub>, pentacene (P5), and a hybrid P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> bilayer beneath the Au S/D electrodes. Among all configurations, devices employing the P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> injection bilayer demonstrated the highest performance, achieving a hole mobility of 2.5 × 10<sup>−2</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, a reduced threshold voltage of −0.65 V, near-zero onset voltage, a high on/off current ratio of 5.6 × 10<sup>4</sup>, a low contact resistance of 1.2 × 10<sup>3</sup> kΩ, and reduced trap densities. The enhanced electrical performance of devices with the hybrid P5/MoO<sub>3</sub> injection bilayer is attributed to its synergistic function: MoO<sub>3</sub> enables favorable energy level alignment for efficient hole injection, while the ultrathin P5 layer acts as a diffusion barrier and forms a coherent organic/organic interface that enhances morphological compatibility with the tetracene active layer. These findings highlight the significant potential of hybrid injection bilayer architectures to simultaneously optimize charge injection, interfacial energetics, and device performance, thereby paving the way toward next-generation high-performance hybrid electronic devices.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":399,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Organic Electronics\",\"volume\":\"147 \",\"pages\":\"Article 107332\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Organic Electronics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566119925001387\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Organic Electronics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566119925001387","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Organic–inorganic hybrid injection layers for efficient charge injection in organic transistors
Exploring suitable injection layer architectures, whether simple or hybrid organic–inorganic bilayers, that ensure efficient charge injection, favorable interfacial properties, and low-cost fabrication is of great technological significance for advancing inorganic and organic electronic devices. In this study, a series of tetracene-based organic thin-film transistors (tetracene-OTFTs) were fabricated, characterized, and systematically investigated, including reference devices with bare Au source/drain (S/D) electrodes and devices incorporating injection layers such as MoO3, pentacene (P5), and a hybrid P5/MoO3 bilayer beneath the Au S/D electrodes. Among all configurations, devices employing the P5/MoO3 injection bilayer demonstrated the highest performance, achieving a hole mobility of 2.5 × 10−2 cm2 V−1 s−1, a reduced threshold voltage of −0.65 V, near-zero onset voltage, a high on/off current ratio of 5.6 × 104, a low contact resistance of 1.2 × 103 kΩ, and reduced trap densities. The enhanced electrical performance of devices with the hybrid P5/MoO3 injection bilayer is attributed to its synergistic function: MoO3 enables favorable energy level alignment for efficient hole injection, while the ultrathin P5 layer acts as a diffusion barrier and forms a coherent organic/organic interface that enhances morphological compatibility with the tetracene active layer. These findings highlight the significant potential of hybrid injection bilayer architectures to simultaneously optimize charge injection, interfacial energetics, and device performance, thereby paving the way toward next-generation high-performance hybrid electronic devices.
期刊介绍:
Organic Electronics is a journal whose primary interdisciplinary focus is on materials and phenomena related to organic devices such as light emitting diodes, thin film transistors, photovoltaic cells, sensors, memories, etc.
Papers suitable for publication in this journal cover such topics as photoconductive and electronic properties of organic materials, thin film structures and characterization in the context of organic devices, charge and exciton transport, organic electronic and optoelectronic devices.