减轻环太平洋海洋放射性污染:多边核监测数据治理视角

IF 11.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Shumei Yue, Wenna Fan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海洋放射性污染主要来源于核事故和放射性废物的倾倒。核能的两重性——既有经济潜力又有内在风险——在日本备受争议的福岛污水排放计划中得到了强调。目前,核素模拟建模和放射性监测研究表明,日本福岛放射性废水的排放导致短期内北太平洋和西太平洋洋流过渡带氚(3H)浓度急剧升高,导致海洋生物放射性积累。本文没有关注传统的海洋污染责任和跨境赔偿问题,而是强调了海洋放射性污染治理中监测数据的低透明度。本文采用理论研究法,总结了包括国际公约和区域法律文书在内的海洋污染法律治理体系。得出的结论是,海洋污染法律治理框架在非国家行为体参与、具有法律约束力的执法和辐射污染监测透明度方面面临挑战。因此,本文强调了环太平洋地区核监测数据多边合作的前景。核监测数据是海洋放射性污染监测和治理的重要依据,是污染源归属和影响评价的证据基础。在此基础上,提出围绕核监测数据透明度的法律监管框架、分级风险评估和有条件共享机制四个关键维度构建的法律-技术多边放射性污染监测合作机制,使非国家行为体参与制度化,先进的核污染监测技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mitigating Pacific rim marine radioactive contamination: A multilateral nuclear monitoring data governance perspective
Marine radioactive pollution originates mainly from nuclear accidents combined with the dumping of radioactive waste. The dualistic nature of nuclear energy—combining economic potential with inherent risks—has been underscored by Japan's controversial Fukushima wastewater discharge initiative. Currently, nuclides simulation modeling and radioactive monitoring research indicate that Japan's discharge of Fukushima radioactive wastewater has led to a sharp increase in tritium (3H) concentrations in North and West Pacific Transition Zones with ocean currents in short term, resulting in radioactive accumulation in marine organisms. Rather than focusing on the traditional issues of marine pollution liability and transboundary compensation, this article highlights the low transparency of monitoring data in the governance of marine radioactive pollution. This article employs doctrinal research method concludes the marine pollution legal governance system encompassing the international conventions and regional legal instruments. Drawing the results that the legal governance framework for marine pollution faces challenges in terms of Non-State Actors Participation, legal binding enforcement, and radiative pollution monitoring transparency. Consequently,the article emphasizes the perspective of Pacific Rim multilateral cooperation on nuclear monitoring data. Nuclear monitoring data bears a critical nexus with marine radioactive pollution surveillance and governance, serving as the evidentiary foundation for source attribution and impact assessment. On this basis,Proposing legal-technical multilateral radioactive pollution monitoring cooperation mechanism, structured around four critical dimensions: legal supervision framework for nuclear monitoring data transparency, hierarchical risk assessment and conditional sharing regimes, institutionalize non-state actor participation, advanced nuclear pollution monitoring technologies.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
10.10%
发文量
200
审稿时长
33 days
期刊介绍: Environmental Impact Assessment Review is an interdisciplinary journal that serves a global audience of practitioners, policymakers, and academics involved in assessing the environmental impact of policies, projects, processes, and products. The journal focuses on innovative theory and practice in environmental impact assessment (EIA). Papers are expected to present innovative ideas, be topical, and coherent. The journal emphasizes concepts, methods, techniques, approaches, and systems related to EIA theory and practice.
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