杂交表观基因组揭示了形成甘蓝型耐盐杂种优势的亲本遗传差异。

IF 8.1 1区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

New Phytologist Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI:10.1111/nph.70532

Junlin Chen, Minyan Zhang, Qing Zhang, Xianfei Hou, Donghai Jia, Yuanguo Gu, Heping Wan, Hu Zhao, Jing Wen, Bin Yi, Tingdong Fu, Jinxiong Shen, Lun Zhao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

杂种优势在作物育种中具有提高产量、品质和环境适应性的巨大潜力，这表明杂交种在极端环境中具有更好的适应能力。然而，异源多倍体作物甘蓝型油菜（AACC, 2n = 38）耐盐杂种优势的表观遗传机制，特别是染色质可及性，在很大程度上仍未被探索。研究了盐胁迫下甘蓝型油菜杂交过程中染色质可及性和转录重编程的动态变化。我们观察到表观遗传和转录调控在植物抗逆性中的重要性。在盐暴露的短时间内，染色质可及性和转录组迅速改变。在表观遗传聚集和遗传互补的驱动下，杂种比亲本具有更易接近的染色质和更活跃的转录组。更广泛和更灵活的基因组资源使杂交组合优先将优势等位基因组合起来适应盐胁迫。同时，这些盐胁迫响应基因在杂交种中发挥着不同的杂种优势效应，具有全显性、部分显性和超显性等非加性遗传效应，在盐胁迫适应中起着至关重要的作用。本研究结果从表观遗传的角度扩展了杂种优势假说，强调了遗传和表观遗传因素的共同作用如何使杂交种更好地抵御盐胁迫。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Hybrid epigenome unveils parental genetic divergence shaping salt-tolerant heterosis in Brassica napus

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Hybrid epigenome unveils parental genetic divergence shaping salt-tolerant heterosis in Brassica napus

Heterosis holds great potential for improving yield, quality, and environmental adaptability in crop breeding, which suggests that hybrids can exhibit better performance in adapting to extreme environments. However, the epigenetic mechanisms of salt-tolerant heterosis in allopolyploid crop Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38), particularly chromatin accessibility, remain largely unexplored.
We investigated the dynamics of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional reprogramming during a time course of salt exposure in Brassica napus hybridization. We observed the importance of epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in plant resilience. The chromatin accessibility and transcriptome rapidly changed within a short time frame of salt exposure.
Hybrid possessed more accessible chromatin and more active transcriptome than that of parents driven by epigenetic aggregation and genetic complementation. Broader and more flexible genomic resources enabled hybrid preferentially unitized advantageous alleles for salt stress adaptation. Meanwhile, these salt stress-responsive genes in hybrid exerted various heterotic effects, with non-additive genetic effects, including full-dominance, partial-dominance, and overdominance effects, playing a crucial role in salt stress adaptation.
Our results expanded the heterosis hypothesis from an epigenetic perspective and emphasized how the combined effects of genetic and epigenetic factors enable hybrid to better withstand salt stress.

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来源期刊

New Phytologist 生物-植物科学

自引率

5.30%

发文量

728

期刊介绍： New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.