人类巴贝斯虫病:过去、现在和未来。

IF 5.5 2区 医学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Madison Asquith, Sally Prior, Anke Brüning-Richardson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类巴贝斯虫病是一种由受感染的蜱虫叮咬或通过输血涉及受污染的血液制品传播的疾病;在人类中,它可导致严重的并发症甚至死亡,这取决于受影响患者的临床病史、年龄和健康状况。巴贝斯虫病是由巴贝斯虫属的成员引起的,巴贝斯虫属是一种原生动物寄生虫,其生命周期包括在节肢动物媒介中有性繁殖,在主要的哺乳动物宿主中无性繁殖。人类巴贝斯虫病病例很少,但越来越多的关于人类巴贝斯虫病的报告与影响寄生虫和蜱虫媒介地理分布的气候变化、媒介与人类相互作用的加强以及人类对该疾病认识的提高有关。人类的诊断和治疗选择基于兽医研究的发现,例如对牛巴贝斯虫病病例进行即时检测,包括通过血液涂片、聚合酶链反应(PCR)和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)技术进行直接诊断,以及通过ELISA、免疫荧光试验(IFAT)和荧光原位杂交进行间接诊断。治疗包括阿奇霉素和阿托瓦酮,或克林霉素和奎宁等药物的组合,但更有效的选择正在研究中,包括但不限于反式查尔酮和他非诺喹。改进监测、认识和诊断,以及中断媒介-宿主相互作用的先进技术,对于管理这一一度被忽视的疾病对人类造成的日益严重的威胁至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Human babesiosis: The past, present and future.

Human babesiosis is a disease transmitted by the bite of an infected tick or via blood transfusions involving contaminated blood products; in humans, it can lead to severe complications and even death, depending on the clinical history, age and health status of the affected patient. Babesiosis is caused by members of the Babesia spp., protozoan parasites whose life cycle includes sexual reproduction in the arthropod vector and asexual reproduction in the mainly mammalian host. Cases of human babesiosis have been rare, but there are increasing reports of human babesiosis associated with climatic changes affecting the geographical distribution of the parasite and tick vector, enhanced vector-human interactions and improved awareness of the disease in humans. Diagnostics and treatment options for humans are based around discoveries in veterinary research, such as point-of-care testing in cases of bovine babesiosis, and include direct diagnosis by blood smears, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technologies, and indirect diagnosis by ELISA, immunofluorescence tests (IFAT) and fluorescent in situ hybridisation. Treatment involves a combination of drugs such as azithromycin and atovaquone, or clindamycin and quinine, but more effective options are being investigated, including, but not limited to, trans-chalcones and tafenoquine. Improved surveillance, awareness and diagnosis, as well as advanced technologies to interrupt vector-host interactions, are crucial in managing the increased threat posed by this once-neglected disease in humans.

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来源期刊
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
1.60%
发文量
45
期刊介绍: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine is an innovative online journal featuring authoritative and timely Reviews covering gene therapy, immunotherapeutics, drug design, vaccines, genetic testing, pathogenesis, microbiology, genomics, molecular epidemiology and diagnostic techniques. We especially welcome reviews on translational aspects of molecular medicine, particularly those related to the application of new understanding of the molecular basis of disease to experimental medicine and clinical practice.
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