Safety and efficacy of symptomatic treatment for oral emergencies in pregnant women: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of symptomatic treatments - encompassing both active and conservative treatments - for oral emergencies during pregnancy on two key aspects: first, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes; second, the symptom relief rates of oral emergencies during pregnancy.

Method and materials: Pregnant women with oral emergencies(n=118) who visited the Emergency Department of West China Hospital of Stomatology of Sichuan University, from January 34 2024 to June 2024, were included in the study. These pregnant women received symptomatic treatment for their oral emergencies. The active treatment group (n=55) consisted of pregnant women who received invasive oral interventions, while the conservative treatment group (n=63) comprised those undergoing non-invasive interventions. Data encompassed pregnant women characteristics (age, educational attainment), clinical variables, diagnostic classifications, therapeutic interventions, symptom relief status (complete/partial/no relief) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Results: The results of this study demonstrated that the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes following symptomatic treatment for oral emergencies during pregnancy was 4.24% (5/118). Although a significantly lower incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was observed in this study (4.24%) compared to the general population (p<0.001), the statistical power of this finding remains limited Following symptomatic treatment for oral emergencies, 78.81% (93/118) of pregnant women achieved complete or partial relief. Specifically, 78.18% (43/55) in the active treatment group experienced complete symptom relief, compared with 17.46% (11/63) in the conservative treatment group, and this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, symptomatic treatment strategies (encompassing both active and conservative treatment) for oral emergencies during pregnancy were demonstrated to be safe and effective.Furthermore, active treatment demonstrated significant superiority over conservative treatment in achieving complete relief of symptoms for oral emergencies during pregnancy.