全球范围内精神分裂症谱系障碍的环境风险因素:文献综述。

IF 6.1 2区 医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY
Sarah Tosato, Branko Ristic, Alice Zanini, Simone Schimmenti, Francesca Maria Camilla Maselli, Evangelos Vassos
{"title":"全球范围内精神分裂症谱系障碍的环境风险因素:文献综述。","authors":"Sarah Tosato, Branko Ristic, Alice Zanini, Simone Schimmenti, Francesca Maria Camilla Maselli, Evangelos Vassos","doi":"10.1017/S204579602510022X","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>There is a substantial body of literature on environmental risk associated with schizophrenia. Most research has largely been conducted in Europe and North America, with little representation of the rest of the world; hence generalisability of findings is questionable. For this reason, we performed a mapping review of studies on environmental risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, recording the country where they were conducted, and we linked our findings with publicly available data to identify correlates with the uneven global distribution. Our aim was to evaluate how universal is the 'common knowledge' of environmental risk for psychosis collating the availability of evidence across different countries and to generate suggestions for future research identifying gaps in evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic search and mapping of studies in the PubMed and PsycINFO electronic databases reporting on exposure to environmental risk for schizophrenia including obstetric complications, paternal age, migration, urbanicity, childhood trauma, and cannabis use and subsequent onset of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This search focused on articles published from the date of the first available publication until 31 May 2023. We recorded the country where they were conducted. We downloaded publicly available data on population size, measures of wealth, medical provisions, research investment, and of quality research outputs per country and performed regression analyses of each predictor with the number of studies and recruited cases in each country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 308 publications that included a sample size of 445,000 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The majority were conducted in northern Europe and North America, with large parts of the world totally unrepresented. In the associations between the number of environmental risk studies for schizophrenia with potential predictors, we found that neither population nor wealth or research investment were strong predictors of research outputs in the field. Interestingly, the stronger correlations were found for number of researchers per population and for indicators of top-end scientific achievements, such as number of Nobel laureates per country.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate a gap of knowledge due to the underrepresentation of studies on environmental risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in large parts of the world. This has implications not only in the generalisability of any findings from research conducted in the Northern hemisphere but also in our ability to progress in efforts to make causal inferences about biological pathways to schizophrenia. These findings reinforce the need to focus research on populations that are underrepresented in research and underserved in health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"34 ","pages":"e47"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450536/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.\",\"authors\":\"Sarah Tosato, Branko Ristic, Alice Zanini, Simone Schimmenti, Francesca Maria Camilla Maselli, Evangelos Vassos\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S204579602510022X\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>There is a substantial body of literature on environmental risk associated with schizophrenia. Most research has largely been conducted in Europe and North America, with little representation of the rest of the world; hence generalisability of findings is questionable. For this reason, we performed a mapping review of studies on environmental risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, recording the country where they were conducted, and we linked our findings with publicly available data to identify correlates with the uneven global distribution. Our aim was to evaluate how universal is the 'common knowledge' of environmental risk for psychosis collating the availability of evidence across different countries and to generate suggestions for future research identifying gaps in evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a systematic search and mapping of studies in the PubMed and PsycINFO electronic databases reporting on exposure to environmental risk for schizophrenia including obstetric complications, paternal age, migration, urbanicity, childhood trauma, and cannabis use and subsequent onset of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This search focused on articles published from the date of the first available publication until 31 May 2023. We recorded the country where they were conducted. We downloaded publicly available data on population size, measures of wealth, medical provisions, research investment, and of quality research outputs per country and performed regression analyses of each predictor with the number of studies and recruited cases in each country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 308 publications that included a sample size of 445,000 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The majority were conducted in northern Europe and North America, with large parts of the world totally unrepresented. In the associations between the number of environmental risk studies for schizophrenia with potential predictors, we found that neither population nor wealth or research investment were strong predictors of research outputs in the field. Interestingly, the stronger correlations were found for number of researchers per population and for indicators of top-end scientific achievements, such as number of Nobel laureates per country.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results demonstrate a gap of knowledge due to the underrepresentation of studies on environmental risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in large parts of the world. This has implications not only in the generalisability of any findings from research conducted in the Northern hemisphere but also in our ability to progress in efforts to make causal inferences about biological pathways to schizophrenia. These findings reinforce the need to focus research on populations that are underrepresented in research and underserved in health care.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11787,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences\",\"volume\":\"34 \",\"pages\":\"e47\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450536/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S204579602510022X\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S204579602510022X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:有大量的文献表明环境风险与精神分裂症有关。大多数研究主要是在欧洲和北美进行的,很少代表世界其他地区;因此,研究结果的普遍性值得怀疑。出于这个原因,我们对精神分裂症谱系障碍的环境风险研究进行了一次地图审查,记录了进行这些研究的国家,并将我们的发现与公开可用的数据联系起来,以确定与全球分布不平衡的相关性。我们的目的是评估精神病环境风险的“常识”有多普遍,整理不同国家的证据可用性,并为未来的研究提出建议,确定证据的差距。方法:我们对PubMed和PsycINFO电子数据库中有关暴露于精神分裂症环境风险的研究进行了系统的搜索和绘制,包括产科并发症、父亲年龄、移民、城市化、童年创伤、大麻使用和随后的精神分裂症谱系障碍发病。该搜索集中于从第一次可用出版物日期到2023年5月31日发表的文章。我们记录了进行这些实验的国家。我们下载了各国人口规模、财富指标、医疗条件、研究投资和高质量研究产出的公开数据,并对每个预测指标进行了回归分析,包括每个国家的研究数量和招募病例。结果:我们确定了308份出版物,其中包括44.5万名精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的样本量。大多数是在北欧和北美进行的,世界上大部分地区完全没有代表。在精神分裂症环境风险研究数量与潜在预测因子之间的关联中,我们发现人口、财富或研究投资都不是该领域研究成果的强预测因子。有趣的是,研究人员的人均数量和顶级科学成就指标(如每个国家的诺贝尔奖获得者数量)之间的相关性更强。结论:我们的结果表明,由于世界上大部分地区对精神分裂症谱系障碍环境风险的研究代表性不足,存在知识缺口。这不仅对在北半球进行的任何研究结果的普遍性有影响,而且对我们在精神分裂症生物学途径的因果推论方面取得进展的能力也有影响。这些发现加强了将研究重点放在研究中代表性不足和卫生保健服务不足的人群上的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.

Environmental risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders around the globe: a mapping review of the literature.

Aims: There is a substantial body of literature on environmental risk associated with schizophrenia. Most research has largely been conducted in Europe and North America, with little representation of the rest of the world; hence generalisability of findings is questionable. For this reason, we performed a mapping review of studies on environmental risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, recording the country where they were conducted, and we linked our findings with publicly available data to identify correlates with the uneven global distribution. Our aim was to evaluate how universal is the 'common knowledge' of environmental risk for psychosis collating the availability of evidence across different countries and to generate suggestions for future research identifying gaps in evidence.

Methods: We performed a systematic search and mapping of studies in the PubMed and PsycINFO electronic databases reporting on exposure to environmental risk for schizophrenia including obstetric complications, paternal age, migration, urbanicity, childhood trauma, and cannabis use and subsequent onset of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. This search focused on articles published from the date of the first available publication until 31 May 2023. We recorded the country where they were conducted. We downloaded publicly available data on population size, measures of wealth, medical provisions, research investment, and of quality research outputs per country and performed regression analyses of each predictor with the number of studies and recruited cases in each country.

Results: We identified 308 publications that included a sample size of 445,000 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The majority were conducted in northern Europe and North America, with large parts of the world totally unrepresented. In the associations between the number of environmental risk studies for schizophrenia with potential predictors, we found that neither population nor wealth or research investment were strong predictors of research outputs in the field. Interestingly, the stronger correlations were found for number of researchers per population and for indicators of top-end scientific achievements, such as number of Nobel laureates per country.

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate a gap of knowledge due to the underrepresentation of studies on environmental risk of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in large parts of the world. This has implications not only in the generalisability of any findings from research conducted in the Northern hemisphere but also in our ability to progress in efforts to make causal inferences about biological pathways to schizophrenia. These findings reinforce the need to focus research on populations that are underrepresented in research and underserved in health care.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
1.20%
发文量
121
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences is a prestigious international, peer-reviewed journal that has been publishing in Open Access format since 2020. Formerly known as Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale and established in 1992 by Michele Tansella, the journal prioritizes highly relevant and innovative research articles and systematic reviews in the areas of public mental health and policy, mental health services and system research, as well as epidemiological and social psychiatry. Join us in advancing knowledge and understanding in these critical fields.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信