Akmal Zubair, Muhammad Jawad, Laveeza Khan, Zeeshan Hidayat, Muhammad Ali
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引用次数: 0
摘要
抗逆转录病毒药物的溶解度和生物利用度较差,使人类免疫缺陷病毒的治疗复杂化。由于胃肠道吸收受限,这些药物的疗效降低。由于血液药物浓度的波动,患者常常表现出大范围的反应。达到目标血浆浓度是具有挑战性的,往往需要更高的剂量,这增加了不良反应的风险。溶解度差的药物的配方是一个复杂而昂贵的过程,阻碍了整体药物的开发。鉴于处理这些问题的传统配方战略的局限性,探索替代方法至关重要。纳米结晶的创新方法通过将药物的颗粒尺寸减小到纳米级来提高药物的溶解度和溶解速度。增加的表面积提高了药物的溶解性和生物利用度。纳米抗逆转录病毒药物与水不溶性药物相比具有若干优势,包括更强的疗效和安全性、更高的药物负荷以及更迅速的起效。本研究利用Scopus、PubMed、b谷歌Scholar、ScienceDirect和Web of Science等数据库检索纳米颗粒治疗HIV的相关文献。我们研究了与当前艾滋病毒/艾滋病治疗方法相关的挑战,并强调了纳米技术通过发展抗逆转录病毒疗法、基因疗法、免疫疗法、疫苗学和杀微生物剂来改善疾病的治疗和预防的显着潜力。这篇综述文章重点介绍了用于靶向不同部位的HIV的各种纳米药物方法,包括脾、肝、肾、胃肠道、肺和脑。
Advancing HIV Treatment Through Nanoparticles: A Precision Medicine Approach.
The poor solubility and bioavailability of antiretroviral drugs complicate the manage-ment of Human Immunodeficiency virus. The efficacy of these medications is diminished due to restricted absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. Patients often exhibit a wide range of reactions attributable to fluctuations in blood drug concentrations. Achieving the target plasma concentra-tions is challenging and often necessitates higher dosages, which increases the risk of adverse ef-fects. The formulation of pharmaceuticals with poor solubility is a complex and costly process that hinders overall drug development. Given the limitations of traditional formulation strategies to address these issues, it is essential to explore alternative methods. The innovative method of nano-crystallization enhances the solubility and dissolution rates of pharmaceuticals by reducing their particle sizes to the nanoscale. The increased surface area improves the medication's solu-bility and bioavailability. Nanomedicine antiretroviral medications offer several advantages over their water-insoluble counterparts, including enhanced efficacy and safety, a higher drug load, and a more rapid onset of action. For this study, various databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science, were utilized to retrieve relevant literature on nanoparticles for HIV treatment. We examine the challenges associated with current treatment methods for HIV/AIDS and highlight the remarkable potential of nanotechnology to improve both the treatment and prevention of the disease through the development of antiretroviral therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, vaccinology, and microbicides. This review article focuses on var-ious nanomedicine approaches used to target HIV in different sites, including the spleen, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and brain.
期刊介绍:
Current HIV Research covers all the latest and outstanding developments of HIV research by publishing original research, review articles and guest edited thematic issues. The novel pioneering work in the basic and clinical fields on all areas of HIV research covers: virus replication and gene expression, HIV assembly, virus-cell interaction, viral pathogenesis, epidemiology and transmission, anti-retroviral therapy and adherence, drug discovery, the latest developments in HIV/AIDS vaccines and animal models, mechanisms and interactions with AIDS related diseases, social and public health issues related to HIV disease, and prevention of viral infection. Periodically, the journal invites guest editors to devote an issue on a particular area of HIV research of great interest that increases our understanding of the virus and its complex interaction with the host.