{"title":"圆波导中的电磁角动量分析","authors":"Xiangdong Xie;Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3585915","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Angular momentum (AM) plays multiple critical roles in wireless communications and detection, whereas waveguides serve as a pivotal propagation environment. The electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating in waveguides carry coupled spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), yet the specific OAM mode composition and SAM-OAM coupling relationship have not been fully resolved. Although prior studies have derived average OAM values carried by waveguide eigenmodes, the ambiguity persists due to infinite possible OAM state combinations that yield identical averages. This work addresses two critical gaps: first, it obtains the deterministic decomposition of OAM mode components, and second, it shows the explicit SAM-OAM coupling relationship of EM waves in circular waveguides. By analytically decomposing hybrid eigenmodes into left-handed and right-handed polarized components, this study reveals that each polarization component carries OAM with distinct topological charges. Moreover, consistency is demonstrated among the theory of this study, HFSS simulations, and prior research. As a result, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for angular momentum transmission in circular waveguides, which enables applications in OAM multiplexing and quantum communications.","PeriodicalId":51059,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","volume":"24 9","pages":"3203-3207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Analysis of Electromagnetic Angular Momentum in Circular Waveguides\",\"authors\":\"Xiangdong Xie;Chao Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.1109/LAWP.2025.3585915\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Angular momentum (AM) plays multiple critical roles in wireless communications and detection, whereas waveguides serve as a pivotal propagation environment. The electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating in waveguides carry coupled spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), yet the specific OAM mode composition and SAM-OAM coupling relationship have not been fully resolved. Although prior studies have derived average OAM values carried by waveguide eigenmodes, the ambiguity persists due to infinite possible OAM state combinations that yield identical averages. This work addresses two critical gaps: first, it obtains the deterministic decomposition of OAM mode components, and second, it shows the explicit SAM-OAM coupling relationship of EM waves in circular waveguides. By analytically decomposing hybrid eigenmodes into left-handed and right-handed polarized components, this study reveals that each polarization component carries OAM with distinct topological charges. Moreover, consistency is demonstrated among the theory of this study, HFSS simulations, and prior research. As a result, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for angular momentum transmission in circular waveguides, which enables applications in OAM multiplexing and quantum communications.\",\"PeriodicalId\":51059,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters\",\"volume\":\"24 9\",\"pages\":\"3203-3207\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-07-03\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11071395/\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11071395/","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
Analysis of Electromagnetic Angular Momentum in Circular Waveguides
Angular momentum (AM) plays multiple critical roles in wireless communications and detection, whereas waveguides serve as a pivotal propagation environment. The electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating in waveguides carry coupled spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM), yet the specific OAM mode composition and SAM-OAM coupling relationship have not been fully resolved. Although prior studies have derived average OAM values carried by waveguide eigenmodes, the ambiguity persists due to infinite possible OAM state combinations that yield identical averages. This work addresses two critical gaps: first, it obtains the deterministic decomposition of OAM mode components, and second, it shows the explicit SAM-OAM coupling relationship of EM waves in circular waveguides. By analytically decomposing hybrid eigenmodes into left-handed and right-handed polarized components, this study reveals that each polarization component carries OAM with distinct topological charges. Moreover, consistency is demonstrated among the theory of this study, HFSS simulations, and prior research. As a result, this study establishes a theoretical foundation for angular momentum transmission in circular waveguides, which enables applications in OAM multiplexing and quantum communications.
期刊介绍:
IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters (AWP Letters) is devoted to the rapid electronic publication of short manuscripts in the technical areas of Antennas and Wireless Propagation. These are areas of competence for the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society (AP-S). AWPL aims to be one of the "fastest" journals among IEEE publications. This means that for papers that are eventually accepted, it is intended that an author may expect his or her paper to appear in IEEE Xplore, on average, around two months after submission.