Paul S F Yip, Yu Cheng Hsu, Tsz Mei Lam, Yunyu Xiao, Eric Caine
{"title":"分解2001-2023年美国自杀率的变化。","authors":"Paul S F Yip, Yu Cheng Hsu, Tsz Mei Lam, Yunyu Xiao, Eric Caine","doi":"10.1017/S2045796025100218","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide rates in the United States have been increasing, necessitating an understanding of demographic variations by ethnicity, age, sex and method to inform effective prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To dissect suicide rates in the US population from 2001 to 2023 by age, sex, ethnicity, and method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study utilized suicide data and population statistics from the CDC's WISQARS database for the years 2001 (<i>n</i> = 30,418), 2018 (<i>n</i> = 48,132), 2020 (<i>n</i> = 45,721) and 2023 (<i>n</i> = 49,014). Cases were stratified by age, sex, ethnicity, and suicide method to assess trends and demographic differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2001 to 2023, the overall US suicide rate rose from 10.7 to 14.6 per 100,000, with a temporary decrease in 2019 and 2020 (14.4 and 13.8, respectively). The primary driver of the increase was firearm-related suicides among White males, contributing 25.8% of the rise from 2001 to 2018 and 51.6% from 2020 to 2023. Decline between 2018 and 2020 was mainly due to reductions in firearm and drug-related suicides among White males, but firearm suicides surged again from 2020 to 2023. Additionally, firearm suicides among ethnic minorities, especially Black/African-American males, accounted for 14.0% of the increase during 2020-2023. Drug-related suicides also increased by 8.6% among White females aged 45 and older in the same period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Firearm suicides are the leading factor in the changing suicide rates in the United States from 2001 to 2023, alongside rising drug-related suicides among White females. These trends highlight the necessity for targeted prevention efforts that consider demographic-specific factors and method accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":11787,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","volume":"34 ","pages":"e46"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450541/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Decomposing the change of suicide rates in the United States 2001-2023.\",\"authors\":\"Paul S F Yip, Yu Cheng Hsu, Tsz Mei Lam, Yunyu Xiao, Eric Caine\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S2045796025100218\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Suicide rates in the United States have been increasing, necessitating an understanding of demographic variations by ethnicity, age, sex and method to inform effective prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To dissect suicide rates in the US population from 2001 to 2023 by age, sex, ethnicity, and method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study utilized suicide data and population statistics from the CDC's WISQARS database for the years 2001 (<i>n</i> = 30,418), 2018 (<i>n</i> = 48,132), 2020 (<i>n</i> = 45,721) and 2023 (<i>n</i> = 49,014). Cases were stratified by age, sex, ethnicity, and suicide method to assess trends and demographic differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2001 to 2023, the overall US suicide rate rose from 10.7 to 14.6 per 100,000, with a temporary decrease in 2019 and 2020 (14.4 and 13.8, respectively). The primary driver of the increase was firearm-related suicides among White males, contributing 25.8% of the rise from 2001 to 2018 and 51.6% from 2020 to 2023. Decline between 2018 and 2020 was mainly due to reductions in firearm and drug-related suicides among White males, but firearm suicides surged again from 2020 to 2023. Additionally, firearm suicides among ethnic minorities, especially Black/African-American males, accounted for 14.0% of the increase during 2020-2023. Drug-related suicides also increased by 8.6% among White females aged 45 and older in the same period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Firearm suicides are the leading factor in the changing suicide rates in the United States from 2001 to 2023, alongside rising drug-related suicides among White females. These trends highlight the necessity for targeted prevention efforts that consider demographic-specific factors and method accessibility.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11787,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences\",\"volume\":\"34 \",\"pages\":\"e46\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12450541/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796025100218\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHIATRY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796025100218","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHIATRY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Decomposing the change of suicide rates in the United States 2001-2023.
Introduction: Suicide rates in the United States have been increasing, necessitating an understanding of demographic variations by ethnicity, age, sex and method to inform effective prevention strategies.
Objective: To dissect suicide rates in the US population from 2001 to 2023 by age, sex, ethnicity, and method.
Methods: This retrospective observational study utilized suicide data and population statistics from the CDC's WISQARS database for the years 2001 (n = 30,418), 2018 (n = 48,132), 2020 (n = 45,721) and 2023 (n = 49,014). Cases were stratified by age, sex, ethnicity, and suicide method to assess trends and demographic differences.
Results: From 2001 to 2023, the overall US suicide rate rose from 10.7 to 14.6 per 100,000, with a temporary decrease in 2019 and 2020 (14.4 and 13.8, respectively). The primary driver of the increase was firearm-related suicides among White males, contributing 25.8% of the rise from 2001 to 2018 and 51.6% from 2020 to 2023. Decline between 2018 and 2020 was mainly due to reductions in firearm and drug-related suicides among White males, but firearm suicides surged again from 2020 to 2023. Additionally, firearm suicides among ethnic minorities, especially Black/African-American males, accounted for 14.0% of the increase during 2020-2023. Drug-related suicides also increased by 8.6% among White females aged 45 and older in the same period.
Conclusions: Firearm suicides are the leading factor in the changing suicide rates in the United States from 2001 to 2023, alongside rising drug-related suicides among White females. These trends highlight the necessity for targeted prevention efforts that consider demographic-specific factors and method accessibility.
期刊介绍:
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences is a prestigious international, peer-reviewed journal that has been publishing in Open Access format since 2020. Formerly known as Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale and established in 1992 by Michele Tansella, the journal prioritizes highly relevant and innovative research articles and systematic reviews in the areas of public mental health and policy, mental health services and system research, as well as epidemiological and social psychiatry. Join us in advancing knowledge and understanding in these critical fields.