Valeria Mariana Li Valverde, Paulo Cesar Aguirre Castañeda, Brayan E Gonzales, Franco Castillo-Tokumori, Jorge E Vidal, Theresa J Ochoa
{"title":"秘鲁利马健康儿童中金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌定植动态的抗生素耐药性和相关因素","authors":"Valeria Mariana Li Valverde, Paulo Cesar Aguirre Castañeda, Brayan E Gonzales, Franco Castillo-Tokumori, Jorge E Vidal, Theresa J Ochoa","doi":"10.1017/S0950268825100277","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have influenced population dynamics of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in the nasopharynx and may have contributed to increased <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization. This study assessed the prevalence of colonization, antibiotic resistance patterns, and associated risk factors for colonization and co-colonization of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. pneumoniae</i> in healthy Peruvian children post-PCV introduction. Nasopharyngeal swabs from children <24 months were collected in five hospitals in Lima (2018-2019). Microbiological identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed, and multinomial regression evaluated factors influencing colonization. Among 894 children, 19.7% were colonized with <i>S. aureus</i>, 20.3% with <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, and 2.9% co-colonized. Of the 176 <i>S. aureus</i> strains isolated, 1.7% were methicillin resistant and 20.5% were clindamycin resistant; no resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) was found. Among 182 <i>S. pneumoniae</i> strains isolated, 48.9% were resistant to macrolides, 74.7% to SXT; no resistance to penicillin was found. Breastfeeding and vaccination with PCV13 were associated with a reduced prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> colonization, while vaccination with PCV13 increased the prevalence of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> colonization, mainly by non-vaccine serotypes. This study highlights the need to continue monitoring the changes in colonization dynamics and antimicrobial resistance patterns after vaccine introduction, to guide empirical therapy and future vaccine strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11721,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiology and Infection","volume":" ","pages":"e106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455507/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Antibiotic resistance and factors associated with colonization dynamics of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in healthy children in Lima, Peru.\",\"authors\":\"Valeria Mariana Li Valverde, Paulo Cesar Aguirre Castañeda, Brayan E Gonzales, Franco Castillo-Tokumori, Jorge E Vidal, Theresa J Ochoa\",\"doi\":\"10.1017/S0950268825100277\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have influenced population dynamics of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in the nasopharynx and may have contributed to increased <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> colonization. This study assessed the prevalence of colonization, antibiotic resistance patterns, and associated risk factors for colonization and co-colonization of <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. pneumoniae</i> in healthy Peruvian children post-PCV introduction. Nasopharyngeal swabs from children <24 months were collected in five hospitals in Lima (2018-2019). Microbiological identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed, and multinomial regression evaluated factors influencing colonization. Among 894 children, 19.7% were colonized with <i>S. aureus</i>, 20.3% with <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, and 2.9% co-colonized. Of the 176 <i>S. aureus</i> strains isolated, 1.7% were methicillin resistant and 20.5% were clindamycin resistant; no resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) was found. Among 182 <i>S. pneumoniae</i> strains isolated, 48.9% were resistant to macrolides, 74.7% to SXT; no resistance to penicillin was found. Breastfeeding and vaccination with PCV13 were associated with a reduced prevalence of <i>S. aureus</i> colonization, while vaccination with PCV13 increased the prevalence of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> colonization, mainly by non-vaccine serotypes. This study highlights the need to continue monitoring the changes in colonization dynamics and antimicrobial resistance patterns after vaccine introduction, to guide empirical therapy and future vaccine strategies.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":11721,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Epidemiology and Infection\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"e106\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455507/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Epidemiology and Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268825100277\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Epidemiology and Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268825100277","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibiotic resistance and factors associated with colonization dynamics of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children in Lima, Peru.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have influenced population dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the nasopharynx and may have contributed to increased Staphylococcus aureus colonization. This study assessed the prevalence of colonization, antibiotic resistance patterns, and associated risk factors for colonization and co-colonization of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae in healthy Peruvian children post-PCV introduction. Nasopharyngeal swabs from children <24 months were collected in five hospitals in Lima (2018-2019). Microbiological identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed, and multinomial regression evaluated factors influencing colonization. Among 894 children, 19.7% were colonized with S. aureus, 20.3% with S. pneumoniae, and 2.9% co-colonized. Of the 176 S. aureus strains isolated, 1.7% were methicillin resistant and 20.5% were clindamycin resistant; no resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) was found. Among 182 S. pneumoniae strains isolated, 48.9% were resistant to macrolides, 74.7% to SXT; no resistance to penicillin was found. Breastfeeding and vaccination with PCV13 were associated with a reduced prevalence of S. aureus colonization, while vaccination with PCV13 increased the prevalence of S. pneumoniae colonization, mainly by non-vaccine serotypes. This study highlights the need to continue monitoring the changes in colonization dynamics and antimicrobial resistance patterns after vaccine introduction, to guide empirical therapy and future vaccine strategies.
期刊介绍:
Epidemiology & Infection publishes original reports and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. Particular emphasis is given to the epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The scope covers the zoonoses, outbreaks, food hygiene, vaccine studies, statistics and the clinical, social and public-health aspects of infectious disease, as well as some tropical infections. It has become the key international periodical in which to find the latest reports on recently discovered infections and new technology. For those concerned with policy and planning for the control of infections, the papers on mathematical modelling of epidemics caused by historical, current and emergent infections are of particular value.