Antimicrobial prescribing guidelines for horses in Australia.

The growing problem of antimicrobial resistance also affects equine veterinarians with increasing frequency. Antimicrobial stewardship and responsible prescribing are essential for a future in which effective antimicrobials are available, as it is unlikely that new antimicrobials will become available for use in horses. While antimicrobials are commonly used to treat equine infections, complications with therapy are also relatively common. Antimicrobial-associated diarrhoea, immune-mediated diseases, and nephrotoxicity have been reported as sequelae of antimicrobial therapy in equine practice. This does not indicate that clinicians should avoid using these drugs, only that knowledge of the potential for adverse effects is critical when deciding on the most appropriate antimicrobial to use and can assist in avoiding serious side effects, wherever possible, or at least in detecting and responding to them early. These guidelines comprehensively outline key features of infectious diseases in horses, diagnostic testing, and therapeutic guidelines for use in treating horses in Australia.