Magnetic field effect on cadmium oxide plasma properties detected by laser spectroscopy

Concerning the existence and non-existence of the magnetic field, the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy of cadmium oxide plasma is investigated in the current study. Accordingly, an Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 9 ns), in addition to the pulse laser intensity varying from 300 to 600 mJ, is employed to produce the plasma in a vacuum environment at the operating pressure ranging between 0.5 and 2 Torr. Any increase in the laser energy leads to a gradual increase in the electron density and temperature. It is well-known that the electron density and temperature increase when a magnetic field is added to cadmium oxide plasma. Thus, the magnetic field impact is approved with the existence of beta values less than 1 in the plasma parameter. The study highlights how adjusting the laser intensity and operating pressure can directly affect the plasma properties, providing a deeper understanding of the matter interaction under different conditions. This knowledge can be used to improve spectroscopy techniques and develop new applications in scientific research and industry, as understanding of relationships between pressure, energy, and magnetic fields opens up vast possibilities for the plasma property control with greater precision.