Improved CMA tracking mode algorithm based on eigenvalue, eigenvector, and frequency adjustment

The characteristic mode analysis (CMA) is a modern method for optimizing antennas and scatterers. Tracking mode algorithms are developed to correctly track the characteristic currents and fields when performing the CMA over a frequency range. Although these algorithms are widely used, they still have drawbacks in terms of speed and accuracy. This paper presents a new approach to improving the speed and accuracy of the tracking mode algorithm by combining characteristics of eigenvectors, eigenvalues, and using an adaptive frequency range. This approach focuses on breaking down frequency intervals with complex changes in the eigenvalue, thus reducing the overall tracking time while maintaining the high accuracy. To verify the method effectiveness, it is applied to various structures, from simple to complex ones, such as dipole, crossed wire, wire grid patch, and horn antennas. It is shown that the proposed method can significantly improve the speed and accuracy of the tracking mode results.