Dislipidemias. Lipoproteínas aterogénicas. Objetivos terapéuticos. Manejo farmacológico en prevención primaria y secundaria

The pathological abnormality of lipid metabolism (dyslipidemia) is a highly prevalent disease associated with the leading cause of mortality in the world, cardiovascular disease. Knowledge of its pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment changed in recent times, allowing for reaching levels of control that were unimaginable until recently. Both primary and secondary prevention are moving towards increasingly stringent targets, which seems to be associated with a decrease in morbidity and mortality caused by cardiovascular disease. This text will review the main molecules that cause atherogenesis in the human body as well as the main causes of dyslipidemia and its pharmacological and non-pharmacological management. It is framed in the approach to patients according to their cardiovascular risk which, as shall be seen, is what determines the therapeutic objectives and the potency of the pharmacological intervention to be used.