Synthesis of gum ghatti- Andrographis paniculata flower extract-silver nanocomposite and its potential anticancer effects

This work describes a sustainable process for the biogenic manufacture of silver nanocomposites (Ag NCs) that uses plant extract species as a capping and reducing agent. First time, the aqueous flower extract of Andrographis paniculata and gum ghatti was used in the current study to perform the biogenic production of silver nanocomposite. Uv-Visible, FT-IR, XRD and optical profilometer were among the methods used to analyze the produced gum ghatti- Andrographis paniculata extract-silver nanocomposite. Characterization results show the strong interaction between the Andrographis paniculata flower extract (APE), gum ghatti (GG) and silver cations in the aqueous environment. As a result of this, nano silver is formed. The findings of anti-lung cancer and anti-skin cancer studies demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity, with greater doses exhibiting notable effects. With a low IC50 value of 35.56 ± 0.15 µg/ml, the cytotoxicity investigation employing the 3–4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay demonstrated that, gum ghatti- Andrographis paniculata flower extract-silver nanocomposites (GG-APE-Ag NCs) demonstrated substantial cytotoxicity to the National Cancer Institute - H460 (NCI-H-460) cell-line. An IC50 value of 67.45 ± 0.18 μg/ml was obtained from the cytotoxicity tests conducted on the A 375 skin cancer cell. In contrast to drugs that need larger dosages, a drug with a lower IC50 is more powerful and works at lower concentrations, which may result in less toxicity for patients and is efficient at destroying cancer cells. These results demonstrate the potential of biogenic GG-APE-Ag NCs as potent agents possessing anti -lung cancer and anti-skin cancer capabilities.