[多发性神经病-可能的病因是什么?]]

IF 0.7
Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946) Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI:10.1055/a-2495-4756
Dieter Felix Heuß
{"title":"[多发性神经病-可能的病因是什么?]]","authors":"Dieter Felix Heuß","doi":"10.1055/a-2495-4756","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyneuropathies are among the most common neurological diseases and the complaints they cause are a frequent reason for a consultation in general medical care. Around 5-8% of people over the age of 55 are affected, with an upward trend due to the ageing population, the increase in diabetes mellitus and many new neurotoxic drugs. As the name \"poly\" indicates, several peripheral nerves are affected. Depending on the cause, motor, sensory or even autonomic nerves can be affected individually or in combination. Sensory and motor symptoms occur (sensitive: numbness, prickling, tingling, unsteady gait and sharp, jabbing, throbbing or burning pain; motor: muscle cramps, muscle weakness, skeletal deformities). Clinically, polyneuropathies usually present insidiously with these symptoms and frequently with pain in the feet, often symmetrical and distally emphasized (\"stocking pattern\"). The disease can affect the insulating layer of the nerves (myelin) and/or the extension of the nerve cell (neurite, axon) itself. The etiology is diverse, ranging from metabolic to toxic to genetic causes. Early diagnosis is crucial in order to treat any underlying disease and, if possible, prevent progression and complications. This paper describes the causes of polyneuropathies and, in particular, a valuable diagnostic procedure for investigating the causes. It is emphasized that the physiological loss of nerve fibers in older patients can also be the cause of a (mild) polyneuropathy or, in the sense of a \"double crash\", can trigger a clinically manifest polyneuropathy together with another possible cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":93975,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)","volume":"150 18","pages":"1085-1092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"[Polyneuropathies - What are possible causes?]\",\"authors\":\"Dieter Felix Heuß\",\"doi\":\"10.1055/a-2495-4756\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Polyneuropathies are among the most common neurological diseases and the complaints they cause are a frequent reason for a consultation in general medical care. Around 5-8% of people over the age of 55 are affected, with an upward trend due to the ageing population, the increase in diabetes mellitus and many new neurotoxic drugs. As the name \\\"poly\\\" indicates, several peripheral nerves are affected. Depending on the cause, motor, sensory or even autonomic nerves can be affected individually or in combination. Sensory and motor symptoms occur (sensitive: numbness, prickling, tingling, unsteady gait and sharp, jabbing, throbbing or burning pain; motor: muscle cramps, muscle weakness, skeletal deformities). Clinically, polyneuropathies usually present insidiously with these symptoms and frequently with pain in the feet, often symmetrical and distally emphasized (\\\"stocking pattern\\\"). The disease can affect the insulating layer of the nerves (myelin) and/or the extension of the nerve cell (neurite, axon) itself. The etiology is diverse, ranging from metabolic to toxic to genetic causes. Early diagnosis is crucial in order to treat any underlying disease and, if possible, prevent progression and complications. This paper describes the causes of polyneuropathies and, in particular, a valuable diagnostic procedure for investigating the causes. It is emphasized that the physiological loss of nerve fibers in older patients can also be the cause of a (mild) polyneuropathy or, in the sense of a \\\"double crash\\\", can trigger a clinically manifest polyneuropathy together with another possible cause.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":93975,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)\",\"volume\":\"150 18\",\"pages\":\"1085-1092\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2495-4756\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/8/29 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2495-4756","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/8/29 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

多发性神经病是最常见的神经系统疾病之一,它们引起的抱怨是一般医疗保健咨询的常见原因。大约有5-8%的55岁以上的人受到影响,由于人口老龄化,糖尿病的增加和许多新的神经毒性药物,这一趋势呈上升趋势。顾名思义,多发性周围神经受到影响。根据病因的不同,运动神经、感觉神经甚至自主神经都可能受到单独或联合的影响。出现感觉和运动症状(敏感:麻木、刺痛、刺痛、步态不稳和尖锐、刺痛、悸动或灼痛;运动:肌肉痉挛、肌肉无力、骨骼畸形)。临床上,多神经病变通常隐匿地表现出这些症状,并常伴有足部疼痛,通常对称且远端突出(“长袜型”)。这种疾病可以影响神经的绝缘层(髓鞘)和/或神经细胞(神经突、轴突)本身的延伸。病因是多种多样的,从代谢到毒性再到遗传原因。早期诊断对于治疗任何潜在疾病,并在可能的情况下预防进展和并发症至关重要。本文描述了多神经病变的原因,特别是一个有价值的诊断程序来调查原因。需要强调的是,老年患者神经纤维的生理性丧失也可能是(轻度)多发性神经病变的原因,或者在“双重崩溃”的意义上,可能与另一种可能的原因一起引发临床表现的多发性神经病变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Polyneuropathies - What are possible causes?]

Polyneuropathies are among the most common neurological diseases and the complaints they cause are a frequent reason for a consultation in general medical care. Around 5-8% of people over the age of 55 are affected, with an upward trend due to the ageing population, the increase in diabetes mellitus and many new neurotoxic drugs. As the name "poly" indicates, several peripheral nerves are affected. Depending on the cause, motor, sensory or even autonomic nerves can be affected individually or in combination. Sensory and motor symptoms occur (sensitive: numbness, prickling, tingling, unsteady gait and sharp, jabbing, throbbing or burning pain; motor: muscle cramps, muscle weakness, skeletal deformities). Clinically, polyneuropathies usually present insidiously with these symptoms and frequently with pain in the feet, often symmetrical and distally emphasized ("stocking pattern"). The disease can affect the insulating layer of the nerves (myelin) and/or the extension of the nerve cell (neurite, axon) itself. The etiology is diverse, ranging from metabolic to toxic to genetic causes. Early diagnosis is crucial in order to treat any underlying disease and, if possible, prevent progression and complications. This paper describes the causes of polyneuropathies and, in particular, a valuable diagnostic procedure for investigating the causes. It is emphasized that the physiological loss of nerve fibers in older patients can also be the cause of a (mild) polyneuropathy or, in the sense of a "double crash", can trigger a clinically manifest polyneuropathy together with another possible cause.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信