Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli from various clinical sources.

Background: Escherichia coli, frequently abbreviated as E. coli, is a common gastrointestinal tract inhabitant in both people and animals. It may also be found in soil, aquatic settings, and plants.

Aim: The purpose of the study was to identify the frequency and three susceptibilities of E. coli in various clinical samples taken from patients in the Jazan area.

Materials and methods: Using a multi-center approach, this retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed the results of culture and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from urine, wound swabs, and sputum samples. The study covered the period from January 2023 to December 2023 and included all public and private hospitals in the Jazan region.

Results: The majority of isolates were derived from urine samples in 1161 patients (85.49%), followed by pus in 123 patients (9.06%) and sputum in 74 patients (5.45%). There were high sensitivity rates to Amikacin, Tigecycline, and Imipenem by (97.49%), (90.87%), and (90.35%), respectively, while there were high resistance rates to Norfloxacin, Ampicillin, and Cefotaxime by (93.67%), (79.60%), and (71.65%), respectively.

Conclusion: There was considerable resistance to commonly used antibiotics among Escherichia coli germs isolated from several clinical specimens. Antibiotics, including imipenem, amikacin, and nitrofurantoin, demonstrated the highest efficacy against E. coli isolates. Nalidixic acid, cefexime, and ceftriaxone showed efficacy against E. coli; nevertheless, several clinical isolates exhibited resistance.