Atopic Dermatitis and Food Allergy in Children.

Aim: This study investigates current scientific perspectives on the relationship between atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA) in children, focusing on shared mechanisms, clinical implications and treatment approaches.

Methods: A targeted analysis and synthesis of recent scientific publications was conducted, including studies on diagnostic strategies, immunopathology and clinical guidelines. Selection criteria emphasised thematic relevance to AD-FA interplay and innovations in therapy.

Results: Findings indicate that impaired skin barrier function, systemic sensitisation, and Th2-driven inflammation are central to both conditions. Filaggrin deficiency, lipid abnormalities and altered skin microbiota contribute to cutaneous and systemic immune dysregulation. Children with severe AD show a higher prevalence of food sensitisation, suggesting a bidirectional link. Sensitisation via damaged skin may promote gastrointestinal allergic responses. Effective diagnosis requires integrated use of history-taking, laboratory markers and provocation testing. Treatment should aim to restore skin integrity, modulate immune responses and manage dietary allergens.

Conclusion: AD and FA share common pathophysiological pathways that warrant coordinated diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Understanding their interrelation is essential for developing individualised prevention and treatment plans, especially in paediatric populations vulnerable to allergic progression.