编码情境的神经恢复介导恐惧与消退记忆之间的转换。

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Augustin C Hennings, Sophia A Bibb, Jarrod A Lewis-Peacock, Joseph E Dunsmoor
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引用次数: 0

摘要

恐惧条件反射和消退对条件刺激产生冲突的记忆表征。这两种记忆的检索在很大程度上取决于遇到CS的上下文。虽然恐惧通常泛化到在新环境中遇到的CSs,但灭绝是特定于学习它的环境的。在这里,我们使用fMRI设计(n = 30,16名女性)来标记和跟踪个体参与者恢复与威胁条件反射和灭绝相关的竞争性情景性心理背景的程度。我们研究了重新激活过去的编码环境是否会影响威胁预期行为和神经反应,以应对在新环境中遇到的威胁-模糊的CS。结果表明,高阶视觉皮层条件反射和情境恢复的相对平衡影响威胁预期和典型威胁加工区的神经活动。情境恢复和恐惧相关过程之间的联系是特定于消失的CS的,而不是在消失的情境中从未遇到过的未消失的CS。这些影响在24小时后观察到,但在3周后没有。此外,威胁条件反射在初级感觉皮层产生持久的变化,这种变化在灭绝后持续3周。这些发现表明,即使在健康的大脑中,对威胁的神经表征也能持续很长时间。我们的研究结果表明,当CS的含义模糊时,不同心理情境之间的竞争决定了危险或安全的感觉,并提出了一种机制,即大脑通过恢复与恐惧或灭绝相关的更主要的情境来解决模糊性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neural Reinstatement of Encoding Context Mediates the Switch between Fear and Extinction Recall.

Fear conditioning and extinction generate conflicting memory representations for a conditioned stimulus (CS). Retrieval of either memory is largely determined by the context where the CS is encountered. While fear typically generalizes to CSs encountered in new contexts, extinction is specific to the environment in which it was learned. Here, we used an fMRI design (n = 30, 16 women) to tag and track the extent to which individual participants reinstated competing episodic mental contexts associated with threat conditioning and extinction. We examined whether reactivation of past encoding contexts influences threat expectancy behavior and neural responses to a threat-ambiguous CS encountered in a new context. Results showed that the relative balance between conditioning and extinction context reinstatement in higher-order visual cortex influenced threat expectancy and neural activity in canonical threat processing regions. The link between context reinstatement and fear-related processes was specific to an extinguished CS, as opposed to an unextinguished CS that had never been encountered in the extinction context. These effects were observed 24 hr later, but not after 3 weeks. Additionally, threat conditioning produced long-lasting changes in primary sensory cortex that persisted up to 3 weeks following extinction. These findings show that neural representations of threat can endure over long durations, even in the healthy brain. Our results indicate competition between divergent mental contexts determines feelings of danger or safety when the meaning of the CS is ambiguous and suggest a mechanism by which the brain resolves ambiguity by reinstating the more dominant context associated with either fear or extinction.

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来源期刊
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
3.10%
发文量
151
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience investigates brain–behavior interaction and promotes lively interchange among the mind sciences.
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