Nora Satybaldiyeva, Kevin H Yang, Wayne E Kepner, Eric C Leas
{"title":"美国各州大麻和δ -8-四氢大麻酚法律和δ -8-四氢大麻酚的使用。","authors":"Nora Satybaldiyeva, Kevin H Yang, Wayne E Kepner, Eric C Leas","doi":"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108026","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol has gained popularity since the passage of the 2018 U.S. Farm Bill. The absence of federal laws and varying state regulations governing delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol have allowed manufacturers to evade restrictions placed on marijuana products. This study examined delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use across different state marijuana and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, web-based survey of 1,523 U.S. adults was conducted in October-November 2023. Responses were weighted to represent the national adult population. Inverse-probability-of-treatment weights balanced covariates across policy groups; adjusted risk ratios and 95% CIs were estimated in 2025 for state (1) marijuana policy (prohibited, medical only, recreational) and (2) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policy (prohibited, regulated, unregulated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 7.7% (95% CI=6.5, 9.1) of U.S. adults reported using delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol in their lifetime. The prevalence of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use was lower among adults in states permitting recreational marijuana use (5.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.48, 95% CI=0.33, 0.70) and lower in states permitting medical use only (8.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.73, 95% CI=0.46, 1.14) than in states prohibiting all marijuana use (10.9%). Adults in states that regulated (3.9%; adjusted risk ratio=0.33, 95% CI=0.20, 0.55) or prohibited (4.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.47, 95% CI=0.28, 0.78) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales reported lower rates of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use than adults in states with unregulated markets for delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (10.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use is more common where marijuana remains prohibited and less common where delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales are regulated or prohibited. State-level restrictions targeting delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol appear to reduce use, suggesting that closing regulatory gaps could limit consumption of these products.</p>","PeriodicalId":50805,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"U.S. State Marijuana and Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Laws and Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Use.\",\"authors\":\"Nora Satybaldiyeva, Kevin H Yang, Wayne E Kepner, Eric C Leas\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108026\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol has gained popularity since the passage of the 2018 U.S. Farm Bill. The absence of federal laws and varying state regulations governing delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol have allowed manufacturers to evade restrictions placed on marijuana products. This study examined delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use across different state marijuana and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, web-based survey of 1,523 U.S. adults was conducted in October-November 2023. Responses were weighted to represent the national adult population. Inverse-probability-of-treatment weights balanced covariates across policy groups; adjusted risk ratios and 95% CIs were estimated in 2025 for state (1) marijuana policy (prohibited, medical only, recreational) and (2) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policy (prohibited, regulated, unregulated).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 7.7% (95% CI=6.5, 9.1) of U.S. adults reported using delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol in their lifetime. The prevalence of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use was lower among adults in states permitting recreational marijuana use (5.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.48, 95% CI=0.33, 0.70) and lower in states permitting medical use only (8.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.73, 95% CI=0.46, 1.14) than in states prohibiting all marijuana use (10.9%). Adults in states that regulated (3.9%; adjusted risk ratio=0.33, 95% CI=0.20, 0.55) or prohibited (4.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.47, 95% CI=0.28, 0.78) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales reported lower rates of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use than adults in states with unregulated markets for delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (10.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use is more common where marijuana remains prohibited and less common where delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales are regulated or prohibited. State-level restrictions targeting delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol appear to reduce use, suggesting that closing regulatory gaps could limit consumption of these products.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":50805,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American Journal of Preventive Medicine\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"108026\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American Journal of Preventive Medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108026\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American Journal of Preventive Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2025.108026","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
U.S. State Marijuana and Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Laws and Delta-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol Use.
Introduction: Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol has gained popularity since the passage of the 2018 U.S. Farm Bill. The absence of federal laws and varying state regulations governing delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol have allowed manufacturers to evade restrictions placed on marijuana products. This study examined delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use across different state marijuana and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policies.
Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey of 1,523 U.S. adults was conducted in October-November 2023. Responses were weighted to represent the national adult population. Inverse-probability-of-treatment weights balanced covariates across policy groups; adjusted risk ratios and 95% CIs were estimated in 2025 for state (1) marijuana policy (prohibited, medical only, recreational) and (2) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol policy (prohibited, regulated, unregulated).
Results: Approximately 7.7% (95% CI=6.5, 9.1) of U.S. adults reported using delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol in their lifetime. The prevalence of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use was lower among adults in states permitting recreational marijuana use (5.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.48, 95% CI=0.33, 0.70) and lower in states permitting medical use only (8.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.73, 95% CI=0.46, 1.14) than in states prohibiting all marijuana use (10.9%). Adults in states that regulated (3.9%; adjusted risk ratio=0.33, 95% CI=0.20, 0.55) or prohibited (4.5%; adjusted risk ratio=0.47, 95% CI=0.28, 0.78) delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales reported lower rates of delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use than adults in states with unregulated markets for delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (10.5%).
Conclusions: Delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol use is more common where marijuana remains prohibited and less common where delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol sales are regulated or prohibited. State-level restrictions targeting delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol appear to reduce use, suggesting that closing regulatory gaps could limit consumption of these products.
期刊介绍：
The American Journal of Preventive Medicine is the official journal of the American College of Preventive Medicine and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research. It publishes articles in the areas of prevention research, teaching, practice and policy. Original research is published on interventions aimed at the prevention of chronic and acute disease and the promotion of individual and community health.
Of particular emphasis are papers that address the primary and secondary prevention of important clinical, behavioral and public health issues such as injury and violence, infectious disease, women''s health, smoking, sedentary behaviors and physical activity, nutrition, diabetes, obesity, and substance use disorders. Papers also address educational initiatives aimed at improving the ability of health professionals to provide effective clinical prevention and public health services. Papers on health services research pertinent to prevention and public health are also published. The journal also publishes official policy statements from the two co-sponsoring organizations, review articles, media reviews, and editorials. Finally, the journal periodically publishes supplements and special theme issues devoted to areas of current interest to the prevention community.
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