使用R = MC2启发式评估小学全校体育活动实施:一项横断面研究。

IF 5.5 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Derek W Craig, Kevin Lanza, Christopher D Pfledderer, Andjelka Pavlovic, Kempson Onadeko, Natalia I Heredia, Jizyah Injil, Laura F DeFina, Timothy J Walker
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:建议学校采用全校(WOS)方法,在课前、期间和课后促进体育活动机会。然而,成功实现WOS方法的障碍和促进因素还没有得到很好的理解。R = MC2启发式将实施准备度定义为组织的动机和实施能力的结合,可以增强我们对学校环境中实施的理解。本研究考察了R = MC2启发式结构与学校实施WOS方法之间的关系。方法:我们对2022-23学年参加NFL PLAY60 FitnessGram项目的美国小学的横截面数据进行了二次分析。从对学校员工的调查中,我们创建了一个WOS指数(范围= 0-12),包括六种体育活动实践:体育教育、课间休息、课前和课后项目、基于课堂的方法和主动交通。我们还评估了R = MC2启发式的六个构式(即文化,实施气候,领导力,优先级,资源利用,资源可用性)如何影响体育活动的实施,使用一系列以5分李克特量表测量的问题。我们使用线性回归模型来确定R = MC2结构(自变量)与WOS指数得分(因变量)之间的关联,控制学校层面的特征(学生入学率、种族/民族和经济弱势学生的百分比)和州层面的聚类。结果:分析样本包括18个州的132所学校。学校教职员对领导能力(平均4.1分,范围为1.5 ~ 5分)和组织文化(平均4.0分,范围为2.25 ~ 5分)的评价最高。平均WOS指数得分为6.1。部分调整后的模型显示,每个R = MC2结构与WOS指数得分之间存在显著的正相关。完全调整后的回归模型显示,优先级(b = 0.88; p = 0.010; 95% CI = 0.19-1.56)和实施氛围(b = 0.69; p = 0.047; 95% CI = 0.07-1.32)与WOS指数得分呈正相关。结论:我们的研究提供了与提供校本体育活动机会相关的关键实施结构的见解。这些发现可以支持资源和实施战略的开发,从而可以帮助学校解决与实施相关的差异。这将有助于学校提高为全美学生提供体育活动机会的质量和可及性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Using the R = MC2 heuristic to assess whole-of-school physical activity implementation in elementary schools: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Schools are recommended to use a whole-of-school (WOS) approach to promote physical activity opportunities before, during, and after school. Yet, the barriers and facilitators to implementing a WOS approach successfully are not well understood. The R = MC2 heuristic, which defines readiness for implementation as a combination of an organization's motivation and capacity to implement, can enhance our understanding of implementation in the school setting. This study examines associations between constructs from the R = MC2 heuristic and schools' implementation of a WOS approach.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from U.S. elementary schools participating in the NFL PLAY60 FitnessGram Project during the 2022-23 school year. From surveys administered to school staff, we created a WOS index (range = 0-12) comprising six physical activity practices: physical education, recess, before and after-school programs, classroom-based approaches, and active transport. We also assessed how six constructs from the R = MC2 heuristic (i.e., culture, implementation climate, leadership, priority, resources utilization, resource availability) impact physical activity implementation using a series of questions measured on a 5-point Likert scale. We used linear regression models to determine associations between R = MC2 constructs (independent variables) and WOS index scores (dependent variable), controlling for school-level characteristics (student enrollment, percentage of race/ethnicity and economically disadvantaged students served) and state-level clustering.

Results: The analytic sample consisted of 132 schools across 18 states. On average, school staff rated leadership (mean = 4.1, range = 1.5-5) and organizational culture (mean = 4.0, range = 2.25-5) the highest. The mean WOS index score was 6.1. Partially adjusted models indicated significant positive associations between each R = MC2 construct and WOS index scores. Fully adjusted regression models revealed priority (b = 0.88; p = 0.010; 95% CI = 0.19-1.56) and implementation climate (b = 0.69; p = 0.047; 95% CI = 0.07-1.32) were positively and significantly associated with WOS index scores.

Conclusions: Our study provides insights into key implementation constructs associated with providing school-based physical activity opportunities. These findings can support the development of resources and implementation strategies which, in turn, can help schools address implementation-related disparities. This will help schools improve the quality and accessibility of opportunities for physical activity provided to students across the United States.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
138
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (IJBNPA) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal offering high quality articles, rapid publication and wide diffusion in the public domain. IJBNPA is devoted to furthering the understanding of the behavioral aspects of diet and physical activity and is unique in its inclusion of multiple levels of analysis, including populations, groups and individuals and its inclusion of epidemiology, and behavioral, theoretical and measurement research areas.
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