日常认知变异性的构念效度。

IF 3.5 1区 心理学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Andrew J Aschenbrenner, Joshua J Jackson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

认知是一个动态的过程,在短期和长期的时间尺度上都有很大的变化。在短时间间隔内反复评估认知,以确定这种“认知变异性”的相关性和后果,这已经变得越来越普遍。高频认知评估方法也是测量日常生活中认知运作的理想方法。然而,关于认知变异性本质的几个基本问题仍未得到解答。我们利用来自COGITO研究的数据,该研究对200多名参与者进行了为期100天的9次独立认知测试,以回答以下问题:不同的任务是否表现出相似的可靠可变性水平?可变性是否聚集在不同的认知领域?使用贝叶斯混合效应位置尺度模型分析了这一丰富的数据集,该模型同时估计了个体均值和变异。在100天的测试中,所有9个任务都表现出显著的可变性。情景记忆或处理速度领域内的任务彼此之间存在适度相关,这表明存在一定程度的领域特异性。另一方面,工作记忆任务之间并没有很好的相关性,这表明这些任务的可变性主要受瞬间或任务特定影响。这些发现不仅促进了我们对认知变异性的理论理解,而且还提供了对哪些认知测试最适合于高频管理的见解,因此可能最适合用于研究日常生活中发生的衰老和认知过程。注意到我们的结果的可推广性的适当限制。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA,版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The construct validity of daily cognitive variability.

Cognition is a dynamic process and is subject to substantial variation across short and long timescales. It is becoming common to assess cognition repeatedly over short intervals to determine the correlates and consequences of such "cognitive variability." A high-frequency cognitive assessment approach is also an ideal method for measuring how cognition operates in daily life. Nevertheless, several fundamental questions regarding the nature of cognitive variability remain unanswered. We utilize data from the COGITO study, which administered nine separate cognitive tests to more than 200 participants for 100 days to answer the following questions: Do different tasks exhibit similarly reliable levels of variability, and does variability cluster into distinct cognitive domains? This rich data set was analyzed using Bayesian mixed-effects location scale models which simultaneously estimate individual means and variability. All nine tasks exhibited significant variability across the 100 days of testing. Tasks within the domains of episodic memory or processing speed were moderately correlated with each other suggesting some degree of domain specificity. Working memory tasks, on the other hand, did not correlate well with each other suggesting variability in these tasks is dominated by momentary or task-specific influences. These findings not only advance our theoretical understanding of what cognitive variability is but also provide insight into which cognitive tests are most suitable for high-frequency administration and thus may be most amenable to use for studying aging and cognitive processes as they occur in daily life. Appropriate limits on the generalizability of our results are noted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
10.80%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Psychology and Aging publishes original articles on adult development and aging. Such original articles include reports of research that may be applied, biobehavioral, clinical, educational, experimental (laboratory, field, or naturalistic studies), methodological, or psychosocial. Although the emphasis is on original research investigations, occasional theoretical analyses of research issues, practical clinical problems, or policy may appear, as well as critical reviews of a content area in adult development and aging. Clinical case studies that have theoretical significance are also appropriate. Brief reports are acceptable with the author"s agreement not to submit a full report to another journal.
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