Assessment of serum Interleukin-1β and periodontal health status in patients with different stages of periodontitis.

Objective: Aim: To assess condition of periodontal health and serum levels of interleukin-1β in periodontitis and control groups and determine relationship between serum levels of interleukin-1β and clinical periodontal parameters in periodontitis and control groups.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A sample consists of 80 male participants, ages thirty to sixty. A total of twenty people were separated into four groups: twenty people with stage I, twenty people with stage II, and twenty people with stage III periodontitis. Periodontium of control group was clinically sound, for every subject, clinical periodontal parameter were measured, such as depth of probing pocket, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and plaque index. Following clinical evaluation, five milliliters of venous blood were extracted from each group. Serum samples were frozen at (-20)°C after centrifusion. Level of interleukin-1β in serum was measured using mean of enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: Results: Group with stage III periodontitis had highest serum interleukin-1 β levels, which were followed by those in stages II and I. There were notable variations between groups, with control group exhibiting lowest levels of interleukin-1 β group. An increased stage of periodontitis was indicated by a statistical analysis of clinical periodontal parameters, which showed a significant difference in mean of all clinical periodontal parameters. There were non-significant weak positive correlations of interleukin-1β with all clinical measures at all periodontitis groups, with exception of a moderately positive correlation with PLI, BOP, and CAL in stage I periodontitis group.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Serum interleukin-1β could be used to differentiate between periodontitis stages.