Carlos Donato Barbosa Alves-Junior, Tiago Cunha Ferreira, Diana Célia Sousa Nunes-Pinheiro
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Hematologic and biochemical parameters, such as total protein, globulin, albumin, creatinine, lactate, glucose, creatine kinase (CPK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined, and thus were calculated the following biomarkers: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI). Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk tests, ANOVA, Tukey tests, Kruskal–Wallis, and Dunn tests.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Significant changes were found in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as in lactate, CPK, LDH, and glucose levels over time. 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Clinical examinations and blood collections were performed at three time points: before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 1 h after (T2) the final exercise. Hematologic and biochemical parameters, such as total protein, globulin, albumin, creatinine, lactate, glucose, creatine kinase (CPK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined, and thus were calculated the following biomarkers: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI). Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk tests, ANOVA, Tukey tests, Kruskal–Wallis, and Dunn tests.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Significant changes were found in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as in lactate, CPK, LDH, and glucose levels over time. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目的：本研究评估了跳马在运动诱导下血液免疫炎症生物标志物的动态变化。方法：为此目的，成年巴西运动马（n = 9），年龄为10.1岁，男女皆有，进行了一项特殊的训练测试，包括热身、平举、跳跃练习和在900平方米的沙道上恢复40分钟。分别在运动前（T0）、运动后立即（T1）和运动后1 h （T2）三个时间点进行临床检查和采血。测定血液学和生化参数，如总蛋白、球蛋白、白蛋白、肌酐、乳酸、葡萄糖、肌酸激酶（CPK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH），从而计算以下生物标志物：中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、血小板与淋巴细胞比值（PLR）、中性粒细胞与白蛋白比值（NAR）、白蛋白与球蛋白比值（AGR）、白蛋白-肌酐比值（ACR）、全身免疫炎症指数（SII）和全身炎症反应指数（SIRI）。数据分析采用Shapiro-Wilk检验、方差分析、Tukey检验、Kruskal-Wallis检验和Dunn检验。结果：随着时间的推移，心率（HR）和呼吸频率（RR）以及乳酸、CPK、LDH和葡萄糖水平发生了显著变化。在生物标志物方面，观察到显著变化：NAR、PLR、SIRI和SII从T0到T1；NAR、PLR、NLR、AGR、SIRI和SII的T1至T2；SIRI中的T0到T2。结论：这项研究表明，马术运动促进了综合免疫炎症生物标志物的变化，这使得它们有望监测跳马的表现。
Are Immune-Integrative Biomarkers Predictors of Systemic Inflammation in Show Jumping Horses?
Objective
This study evaluated the dynamics of blood immune-inflammatory biomarkers in response to exercise-induced changes in jumping horses.
Methods
For this purpose, adult Brazilian Sport Horses (n = 9), aged 10.1 years, both sexes, underwent a specific training test consisting of warm-up, flatwork, and jumping exercises, and recovery on a 900 m2 sand track over 40 min. Clinical examinations and blood collections were performed at three time points: before (T0), immediately after (T1), and 1 h after (T2) the final exercise. Hematologic and biochemical parameters, such as total protein, globulin, albumin, creatinine, lactate, glucose, creatine kinase (CPK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined, and thus were calculated the following biomarkers: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI). Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk tests, ANOVA, Tukey tests, Kruskal–Wallis, and Dunn tests.
Results
Significant changes were found in heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), as well as in lactate, CPK, LDH, and glucose levels over time. Regarding the biomarkers, significant changes were observed: T0 to T1 in NAR, PLR, SIRI, and SII; T1 to T2 in NAR, PLR, NLR, AGR, SIRI, and SII; T0 to T2 in SIRI.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that equestrian exercises promote changes in integrative immune-inflammatory biomarkers, making them promising for monitoring the performance of jumping horses.
期刊介绍：
Veterinary Clinical Pathology is the official journal of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) and the European Society of Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ESVCP). The journal''s mission is to provide an international forum for communication and discussion of scientific investigations and new developments that advance the art and science of laboratory diagnosis in animals. Veterinary Clinical Pathology welcomes original experimental research and clinical contributions involving domestic, laboratory, avian, and wildlife species in the areas of hematology, hemostasis, immunopathology, clinical chemistry, cytopathology, surgical pathology, toxicology, endocrinology, laboratory and analytical techniques, instrumentation, quality assurance, and clinical pathology education.
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