{"title":"木质素解锁隐形碳汇在冷渗漏通过微生物酶的把关。","authors":"Jialing Li, Jingchun Feng, Pandeng Wang, Mengzhuo Zhu, Yongji Huang, Ying Wu, Junning Fan, Junlin Hu, Xiyang Dong, Yingli Zhou, Xuanyu Tao, Si Zhang","doi":"10.34133/research.0848","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cold seep ecosystems serve as critical hubs in marine carbon cycling through methane emissions and organic matter processing. While terrestrial lignin constitutes a major fraction of persistent organic carbon in cold seep sediments, its microbial transformation pathways in deep-sea cold seep environments remain unexplored. Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of lignin distribution across sediment horizons at the Haima cold seep, coupled with a multi-omics investigation of microbial lignin metabolism. Laboratory enrichment of sediment communities employing lignin as the exclusive carbon substrate revealed substantial microbial community restructuring dominated by <i>Burkholderiales</i>, <i>Pseudomonadales</i>, and <i>Rhizobiales</i> lineages. Integrated omics resolved 2-tiered metabolic cascades: (a) enzymatic depolymerization via dyP-type peroxidases and LigEFG-mediated β-aryl ether cleavage, targeting syringyl and diarylpropane subunits; (b) funneling of aromatic intermediates through 4,5-/3,4-PDOG (protocatechuate dioxygenase) pathways into central carbon metabolism. Although direct methanogenesis was undetected, methylotrophic potential was evidenced through methane cycle gene expression patterns by lignin decomposers. Phylogenetic surveys further demonstrated the global prevalence of lignin decomposers across 12 major cold seep systems. These decomposers showed marked divergence in enzymatic repertoires compared to degraders from other ecosystems. Our findings establish 3 paradigm shifts: (a) The turnover rates of terrestrial organic carbon are likely underestimated in deep-sea ecosystems; (b) microbial consortia employ combinatorial enzymatic strategies distinct from terrestrial decomposition regimes; (c) methyl shunting from lignin breakdown primes methanogenic precursors, revealing cryptic linkages between refractory carbon cycling and greenhouse gas reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":21120,"journal":{"name":"Research","volume":"8 ","pages":"0848"},"PeriodicalIF":10.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377529/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Lignin Unlocks Stealth Carbon Sinks in Cold Seeps via Microbial Enzymatic Gatekeeping.\",\"authors\":\"Jialing Li, Jingchun Feng, Pandeng Wang, Mengzhuo Zhu, Yongji Huang, Ying Wu, Junning Fan, Junlin Hu, Xiyang Dong, Yingli Zhou, Xuanyu Tao, Si Zhang\",\"doi\":\"10.34133/research.0848\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Cold seep ecosystems serve as critical hubs in marine carbon cycling through methane emissions and organic matter processing. While terrestrial lignin constitutes a major fraction of persistent organic carbon in cold seep sediments, its microbial transformation pathways in deep-sea cold seep environments remain unexplored. Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of lignin distribution across sediment horizons at the Haima cold seep, coupled with a multi-omics investigation of microbial lignin metabolism. Laboratory enrichment of sediment communities employing lignin as the exclusive carbon substrate revealed substantial microbial community restructuring dominated by <i>Burkholderiales</i>, <i>Pseudomonadales</i>, and <i>Rhizobiales</i> lineages. Integrated omics resolved 2-tiered metabolic cascades: (a) enzymatic depolymerization via dyP-type peroxidases and LigEFG-mediated β-aryl ether cleavage, targeting syringyl and diarylpropane subunits; (b) funneling of aromatic intermediates through 4,5-/3,4-PDOG (protocatechuate dioxygenase) pathways into central carbon metabolism. Although direct methanogenesis was undetected, methylotrophic potential was evidenced through methane cycle gene expression patterns by lignin decomposers. Phylogenetic surveys further demonstrated the global prevalence of lignin decomposers across 12 major cold seep systems. These decomposers showed marked divergence in enzymatic repertoires compared to degraders from other ecosystems. Our findings establish 3 paradigm shifts: (a) The turnover rates of terrestrial organic carbon are likely underestimated in deep-sea ecosystems; (b) microbial consortia employ combinatorial enzymatic strategies distinct from terrestrial decomposition regimes; (c) methyl shunting from lignin breakdown primes methanogenic precursors, revealing cryptic linkages between refractory carbon cycling and greenhouse gas reservoirs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21120,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Research\",\"volume\":\"8 \",\"pages\":\"0848\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":10.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-25\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12377529/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"103\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0848\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"综合性期刊\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Multidisciplinary\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Research","FirstCategoryId":"103","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.34133/research.0848","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Multidisciplinary","Score":null,"Total":0}
Lignin Unlocks Stealth Carbon Sinks in Cold Seeps via Microbial Enzymatic Gatekeeping.
Cold seep ecosystems serve as critical hubs in marine carbon cycling through methane emissions and organic matter processing. While terrestrial lignin constitutes a major fraction of persistent organic carbon in cold seep sediments, its microbial transformation pathways in deep-sea cold seep environments remain unexplored. Here, we present the first comprehensive analysis of lignin distribution across sediment horizons at the Haima cold seep, coupled with a multi-omics investigation of microbial lignin metabolism. Laboratory enrichment of sediment communities employing lignin as the exclusive carbon substrate revealed substantial microbial community restructuring dominated by Burkholderiales, Pseudomonadales, and Rhizobiales lineages. Integrated omics resolved 2-tiered metabolic cascades: (a) enzymatic depolymerization via dyP-type peroxidases and LigEFG-mediated β-aryl ether cleavage, targeting syringyl and diarylpropane subunits; (b) funneling of aromatic intermediates through 4,5-/3,4-PDOG (protocatechuate dioxygenase) pathways into central carbon metabolism. Although direct methanogenesis was undetected, methylotrophic potential was evidenced through methane cycle gene expression patterns by lignin decomposers. Phylogenetic surveys further demonstrated the global prevalence of lignin decomposers across 12 major cold seep systems. These decomposers showed marked divergence in enzymatic repertoires compared to degraders from other ecosystems. Our findings establish 3 paradigm shifts: (a) The turnover rates of terrestrial organic carbon are likely underestimated in deep-sea ecosystems; (b) microbial consortia employ combinatorial enzymatic strategies distinct from terrestrial decomposition regimes; (c) methyl shunting from lignin breakdown primes methanogenic precursors, revealing cryptic linkages between refractory carbon cycling and greenhouse gas reservoirs.
期刊介绍:
Research serves as a global platform for academic exchange, collaboration, and technological advancements. This journal welcomes high-quality research contributions from any domain, with open arms to authors from around the globe.
Comprising fundamental research in the life and physical sciences, Research also highlights significant findings and issues in engineering and applied science. The journal proudly features original research articles, reviews, perspectives, and editorials, fostering a diverse and dynamic scholarly environment.