Endovascular embolization for ruptured intracranial aneurysms: efficacy and effects on oxidative stress levels.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of endovascular embolization in treating ruptured intracranial aneurysms (RIAs).

Methods: RIA patients (n = 89) were grouped according to different surgical methods. The control group (n = 42) received aneurysm clipping surgery, whereas the observation group (n = 47) received endovascular embolization. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess neurological function pre-treatment and at 7 days post-treatment. Oxidative stress status, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, was compared between the two groups pre-treatment and at 7 days post-treatment. Intraoperative bleeding, operative time, and hospitalization time were compared between the two groups. Vascular endothelial function, including von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and nitric oxide (NO), was evaluated pre-treatment and 3 months post-treatment. Postoperative complications and surgical outcomes were observed.

Results: After treatment, compared to the control group, the observation group had lower NIHSS scores, higher SOD levels, and lower MDA levels, with statistically significant differences (all P < 0.001); the observation group also had less intraoperative bleeding, shorter operation times, and shorter hospital stays, along with lower vWF and ET-1 levels, higher NO levels, and statistically significant differences (all P < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative complications was lower in the observation group, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.048). The therapeutic effect was better in the observation group, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.041).

Conclusion: Compared with microscopic aneurysm clipping, endovascular embolization offers better efficacy for patients with RIA and causes less vascular endothelial damage.