The Impact of the Ongoing Armed Conflict on Resident's Neurosurgical Training and Practice in Sudan: Challenges, Disruptions, and Potential Support Strategies.

Background and objectives: The ongoing conflict in Sudan has severely affected the nation's healthcare system, including neurosurgical training and practice. This study aims to assess the effects of war on neurosurgical residents in Sudan, focusing on the disruption of training and research activities, psychological well-being, the role of international organizations, and potential support strategies.

Methods: This mixed methods study used a cross-sectional survey to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. The survey was distributed to neurosurgery residents through e-mail links and pre-existing residents' online groups. Data collection took place between September and October 2024.

Results: A total of 32 of 35 (91%) neurosurgical residents in the Republic of Sudan participated in the survey. Because of safety concerns, financial instability, and career prospects, 43% had relocated within the country, whereas 56% had moved abroad, mainly to the Gulf States. Training had been significantly disrupted for 94% of residents, with 88% stating that they would be unable to complete their training on time. Research activities were also severely affected. Primary challenges during wartime included safety concerns, equipment shortages, and financial instability. Psychological distress was common, with 63% reporting increased stress and 53% experiencing anxiety. International support was rated as very poor by 95% of respondents, whereas the Sudan Medical Specialization Board's assistance was considered average to below average.

Conclusion: The war in Sudan has severely disrupted neurosurgical training, research, and residents' psychological well-being. Urgent support should focus on financial aid, neurosurgical equipment, and online mentorship to sustain training and care. Strengthening collaborations with international organizations is crucial for long-term stability and development.