{"title":"空气污染对多囊卵巢综合征发病率的潜在影响：1990年至2021年171个国家和地区的全球分析","authors":"Yihao Chen, Yangyang Dai, Jiahua Qian, Yuhe Si, Fangyuan Chen, Zhiqing Hong, Jingwei Wang, Chunbao Mo, Jianxiong Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13048-025-01777-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) incidence is associated with air pollution, the relationship between air pollution, especially fluctuations in global NO₂ concentrations, and the burden of PCOS remains unclear. In this ecological study, we aimed to investigate this relationship using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) of PCOS were collected from 171 countries and regions over a 30-year period (1990-2021). Corresponding data on air pollution (NO₂, SO<sub>2</sub>, particulate matter [PM], and O<sub>3</sub>) and other indicators were also collected. Mixed linear models and geographic detectors were used to assess the relationship between various indicators and PCOS burden. Furthermore, the weighted quantile sum regressions were used to estimate the effect of multiple exposures to NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ on the burden of PCOS. Utilizing restricted cubic spline regression and subgroup analysis to gain deeper insights into the association between NO₂ and PCOS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from the mixed linear models and geographic detectors showed that NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ were associated with an increased ASIR of PCOS. Meanwhile, the mixed linear models further demonstrated a positive correlation between the incidence of PCOS and the concentration of air pollutants. In further investigating the relationship between NO₂ and PCOS, we found that the associations between the concentration of NO₂ and ASIR were non-linear (P for non-linear < 0.001). Moreover, the association between NO₂ and PCOS was more pronounced in regions with middle to high economic development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The continuous presence and fluctuations in the concentrations of multiple air pollutants, particularly NO₂, may be potential contributors to the increasing burden of PCOS. These findings may suggest that improvements in air quality could be associated with a reduced burden of PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":16610,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ovarian Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398071/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Potential impact of air pollution on polycystic ovary syndrome incidence: a global analysis of 171 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021.\",\"authors\":\"Yihao Chen, Yangyang Dai, Jiahua Qian, Yuhe Si, Fangyuan Chen, Zhiqing Hong, Jingwei Wang, Chunbao Mo, Jianxiong Ma\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s13048-025-01777-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) incidence is associated with air pollution, the relationship between air pollution, especially fluctuations in global NO₂ concentrations, and the burden of PCOS remains unclear. In this ecological study, we aimed to investigate this relationship using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) of PCOS were collected from 171 countries and regions over a 30-year period (1990-2021). Corresponding data on air pollution (NO₂, SO<sub>2</sub>, particulate matter [PM], and O<sub>3</sub>) and other indicators were also collected. Mixed linear models and geographic detectors were used to assess the relationship between various indicators and PCOS burden. Furthermore, the weighted quantile sum regressions were used to estimate the effect of multiple exposures to NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ on the burden of PCOS. Utilizing restricted cubic spline regression and subgroup analysis to gain deeper insights into the association between NO₂ and PCOS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from the mixed linear models and geographic detectors showed that NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ were associated with an increased ASIR of PCOS. Meanwhile, the mixed linear models further demonstrated a positive correlation between the incidence of PCOS and the concentration of air pollutants. In further investigating the relationship between NO₂ and PCOS, we found that the associations between the concentration of NO₂ and ASIR were non-linear (P for non-linear < 0.001). Moreover, the association between NO₂ and PCOS was more pronounced in regions with middle to high economic development.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The continuous presence and fluctuations in the concentrations of multiple air pollutants, particularly NO₂, may be potential contributors to the increasing burden of PCOS. These findings may suggest that improvements in air quality could be associated with a reduced burden of PCOS.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16610,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Ovarian Research\",\"volume\":\"18 1\",\"pages\":\"198\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-08-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12398071/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Ovarian Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01777-1\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Ovarian Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-025-01777-1","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Potential impact of air pollution on polycystic ovary syndrome incidence: a global analysis of 171 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021.
Background: Although polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) incidence is associated with air pollution, the relationship between air pollution, especially fluctuations in global NO₂ concentrations, and the burden of PCOS remains unclear. In this ecological study, we aimed to investigate this relationship using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 dataset.
Methods: Data on age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) of PCOS were collected from 171 countries and regions over a 30-year period (1990-2021). Corresponding data on air pollution (NO₂, SO2, particulate matter [PM], and O3) and other indicators were also collected. Mixed linear models and geographic detectors were used to assess the relationship between various indicators and PCOS burden. Furthermore, the weighted quantile sum regressions were used to estimate the effect of multiple exposures to NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ on the burden of PCOS. Utilizing restricted cubic spline regression and subgroup analysis to gain deeper insights into the association between NO₂ and PCOS.
Results: Results from the mixed linear models and geographic detectors showed that NO₂, SO₂, PM, and O₃ were associated with an increased ASIR of PCOS. Meanwhile, the mixed linear models further demonstrated a positive correlation between the incidence of PCOS and the concentration of air pollutants. In further investigating the relationship between NO₂ and PCOS, we found that the associations between the concentration of NO₂ and ASIR were non-linear (P for non-linear < 0.001). Moreover, the association between NO₂ and PCOS was more pronounced in regions with middle to high economic development.
Conclusions: The continuous presence and fluctuations in the concentrations of multiple air pollutants, particularly NO₂, may be potential contributors to the increasing burden of PCOS. These findings may suggest that improvements in air quality could be associated with a reduced burden of PCOS.
期刊介绍：
Journal of Ovarian Research is an open access, peer reviewed, online journal that aims to provide a forum for high-quality basic and clinical research on ovarian function, abnormalities, and cancer. The journal focuses on research that provides new insights into ovarian functions as well as prevention and treatment of diseases afflicting the organ.
Topical areas include, but are not restricted to:
Ovary development, hormone secretion and regulation
Follicle growth and ovulation
Infertility and Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Regulation of pituitary and other biological functions by ovarian hormones
Ovarian cancer, its prevention, diagnosis and treatment
Drug development and screening
Role of stem cells in ovary development and function.
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